Joint Publication JP 3-01 Countering Air and Missile Threats 23 March 2012

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This publication provides overarching joint doctrine to plan, conduct, and assess amphibious operations. This publication provides doctrine for planning, preparing, executing, and assessing joint interdiction operations. This publication provides doctrine for planning, coordinating, and conducting joint shipboard helicopter and tiltrotor aircraft operations from United States air-capable ships. This publication provides overarching doctrine for special operations and the employment and support for special operations forces across the range of military operations.

This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning, execution, and assessment of joint operations in an urban environment. This publication provides doctrine for the conduct of stability operations during joint operations within the broader context of US Government efforts. This publication provides joint doctrine for the coordination of military operations with US Government agencies; state, local, and tribal governments; intergovernmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector. This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for planning, coordinating, executing, and assessing joint fire support during military operations.

This publication provides doctrine for the planning and execution of joint security operations. This publication provides doctrine for planning, conducting, and assessing military operations in chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear environments. This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning, preparation, execution, and assessment of joint cyberspace operations across the range of military operations.

This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning, preparation, execution, and assessment of information operations across the range of military operations. This publication provides joint doctrine for planning joint space operations. This publication provides doctrinal guidance for planning and executing barrier, obstacle, and mine warfare for joint operations as they relate to strategic, operational, and tactical mobility and countermobility across the range of military operations.

This publication provides doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States when they operate as part of a multinational force. It addresses operational considerations that the commander and staff should consider during the planning and execution of multinational operations. This publication provides joint doctrine for planning, employing, and assessing air mobility operations across the range of military operations. This publication provides joint doctrine for planning, executing, and assessing joint forcible entry operations. This publication establishes joint doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States involved in or supporting foreign internal defense FID.

It discusses how joint operations, involving the application of all instruments of national power, support host nation efforts to build capability and capacity to free and protect its society from subversion, lawlessness, and insurgency. This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning, execution, and assessment of counterinsurgency operations. This publication provides joint doctrine for planning, executing, and assessing counterterrorism operations across the range of military operations. This publication provides joint doctrine for homeland defense across the range of military operations.

It provides information on planning, command and control, interorganizational coordination, and operations required to defeat external threats to, and aggression against, the homeland, or against other threats as directed by the President. This publication provides overarching guidelines and principles to assist commanders and their staffs in planning, conducting, and assessing defense support of civil authorities DSCA.

This publication provides joint doctrine for planning, executing, and assessing foreign humanitarian assistance operations. This publication provides joint doctrine for the command and control of joint air operations across the range of military operations. This publication provides doctrine for the command and control of joint land operations by a joint force land component commander JFLCC. It addresses considerations for forming and establishing a functional land force component with a designated JFLCC and for planning, executing, and assessing joint force land operations across the range of military operations.

This publication provides doctrine for the command and control of joint maritime operations across the range of military operations. It also describes the maritime domain; addresses considerations for establishing a joint force maritime component commander and attendant command relationships; provides principles and guidance for the planning, execution, and assessment of joint maritime operations; and presents considerations for specific maritime operations.

This publication provides joint doctrine for the formation and employment of a joint task force JTF headquarters to command and control joint operations. This publication provides doctrine for the planning, command and control, execution, and assessment of joint engineer operations. This publication provides joint doctrine and principles for planning and executing deployment and redeployment operations. It describes the deployment and redeployment processes and the planning and execution considerations that may impact deployment and redeployment operations to include command relationships and the interactions of combatant commands and Services with the Department of Defense and other US Government departments and agencies, host nations, multinational partners, and intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations.

This publication provides guidance and the basis for the planning and execution of military activities to counter weapons of mass destruction. This publication provides joint doctrine for the military response to mitigate the effects of a chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear event or incident. This publication provides joint doctrine to plan, execute, and assess airspace control during joint operations across the range of military operations. This publication provides joint doctrine for planning and conducting civil-military operations CMO by joint forces, employing civil affairs forces, conducting civil affairs operations, and coordinating with departments, agencies, or other organizations during the execution of CMO.

This publication sets forth the joint doctrine for the planning and execution of meteorological and oceanographic operations in support of joint operations throughout the range of military operations. This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for public affairs support to joint operations. It also addresses public affairs operations and the role of public affairs in strategic communication.

This publication provides guidelines for planning and conducting detainee operations. It outlines responsibilities, discusses organizational options, and provides command and control considerations across the range of military operations. This publication provides doctrine for planning and conducting joint noncombatant evacuation operations throughout the range of military operations. Specific information on repatriation operations is also provided.

Doctrine for joint logistic operations and a framework within which joint logistics can be planned, executed, and controlled effectively. The overarching ideas and principles contained in these publications provide a common perspective from which to plan, execute and control joint logistics operations.

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This publication is the keystone document of the joint logistics series. It provides overarching joint doctrine on logistic support to joint operations. It provides commanders and staff guidance and considerations for planning, execution, and assessment of joint operations. This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning, command and control, and employment of resources within the Defense Transportation System. This publication provides doctrine for the planning, preparation, and execution of health service support across the range of military operations.

This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for providing bulk petroleum and water in support of US military operations. This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for the planning and conduct of joint military mobilization and demobilization, force expansion, use of volunteers, and Presidential Reserve Call-up. This publication provides joint doctrine for mortuary affairs support in joint operations.

This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning and execution of US logistics in support of the Armed Forces of the United States during multinational operations. This publication provides doctrine for the planning, execution, and assessment of joint distribution operations. This publication provides doctrine for planning, executing, and managing operational contract support in all phases of joint operations.

Doctrine for conducting joint, interagency, and multinational planning activities across the full range of military operations. This publication reflects current guidance for planning military operations and, as a keystone publication, forms the core of joint doctrine for joint operation planning throughout the range of military operations.

Doctrine for communications system support to joint operations and guidelines to our commanders regarding information systems and networks as a part of the Global Information Grid. This publication is the keystone document for the communications system series of publications. It provides the doctrinal foundation for communications system support to joint operations and provides a comprehensive approach to the support of joint force command and control through the integration of joint communications and information systems across the range of military operations.

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This chapter covers duties of personnel of the firing battery except those duties prescribed for the service of the piece and prescribes fire commands with explanation of their execution. It governs primarily the division artillery, but with obvious modifications applies to all types and calibers. Firing battery, as used in this manual, includes only that portion of a gun or howitzer battery at the firing position, carriages unlimbered or uncoupled and prepared for action. Battery commander, as used in this manual, refers to the officer commanding the battery or conducting the fire of the battery.

Fire discipline is that condition, resulting from training and practice, which insures the orderly and efficient functioning of personnel in the delivery of fire. The basis of fire discipline is the thorough training of the individual soldier. The object of training is the perfection of fire discipline throughout the firing battery as a whole. Training of the firing battery should be started shortly after instruction of gun squads is begun. Firing battery instruction is started in the gun park.

As proficiency is gained, the training advances to varied terrain and simulated service conditions. Fire on targets is first simulated, followed by subcaliber and service practice. Each battery should maintain a minimum of four trained gun squads. During maneuver or campaign Eas well as during the training year, frequent drill of the firing battery is necessary to maintain a high standard of fire discipline.

Accuracy in the performance of individual duties must be stressed; it is obtained by insistence upon exactness from the beginning. To eliminate the effects of lost motion, settings must be made in a uniform manner as prescribed for the particular piece or instrument concerned.

Frequent checks of setting and laying are necessary to insure accuracy, both at drill and during firing. It must be made with an absolute minimum of delay in firing. When a piece is discovered to have fired with an error in laying, the error is corrected and reported immediately to the battery commander. Uniformity is necessary both in giving and in executing commands. Special measures peculiar to a particular weapon will be found in the pertinent manual of the FM 6-series for the Service of the Piece. As soon as practicable after artillery materiel has been used, it is cleaned and put in order under the supervision of an officer.

Lost or unserviceable parts are replaced or repaired. Before the piece begins firing, the chief of section verifies that the recoil mechanism contains the proper amount of liquid; thereafter he carefully observes the functioning of the recoil system. In the case of separate-loading ammunition, the powder chamber is swabbed out after each round to extinguish sparks.

Usually it is sufficient to wash the bore forward a distance of 2 feet from the breech for light and medium and 6 feet for heavy artillery. When time permits during suspension of fire, the breechblock is dismounted, cleaned, and oiled, and the bore cleaned as prescribed in Technical Regulations for the materiel. Permissible rates of fire for short bursts up to 10 minutes and for prolonged fire are given in FM ; these rates are exceeded only if the situation demands it. Ammunition is sorted and stored by lots. When received boxed or crated, it is kept packed as long as practicable; after it is unpacked, it is protected from dirt and ground moisture by being placed on paulins or raised off the ground.

The paulin or other covering should be raised to allow free circulation of air. When piled, the height will not exceed five layers for mm ammunition and three layers for mm projectiles. Planks or brush are placed between layers. Care is taken to prevent injury to the rotating bands; they are always examined before firing and any burrs removed with a file. They are kept in moisture-proof containers until just before use. They are not carried on the person. Fuzes are seated securely screwed home with the fuze wrench issued for that purpose before firing.

If difficulty is encountered in screwing home a fuze or if a fuze is otherwise defective, it is laid aside temporarily and at a convenient time it is buried 3 feet deep or turned over at the position to ordnance personnel if available. Unloading fixed ammunition or projectiles is to be avoided whenever possible. When unloading fixed ammunition, the breech is opened very slowly to reduce the likelihood of separating the cartridge case from the projectile and of scattering loose powder from the propelling charge inside the breech.

Projectiles being removed should be prevented from falling to the ground when forced to the rear. Smoking in the vicinity of explosives is prohibited; care is taken to avoid sparks or open flames nearby. A round of ammunition held in preparation for reloading the piece is kept free from the path of recoil.

With pieces using separate loading ammunition, primers are not inserted until after the breechblock is closed and locked in its recess. When the long lanyard is used, it will not be attached until the piece is otherwise ready to fire.

Pieces are examined before firing is begun to insure that their safety features are in order and that the bores are clear. Individuals at the firing battery are dismounted; they are not restricted to posts designated herein when their duties require their presence elsewhere. The post of the executive is a position near the pieces from which he can best supervise the firing battery and be in communication with the battery commander. His principal duties are to:. The post of the assistant executive when at the firing battery is in the vicinity of the pieces where he can best perform his duties.

His principal duties when at the firing battery are to: Assist the executive and to act as executive in the latter's absence. The chief of a piece section goes where he can control the service of his piece, hear commands, and perform his duties effectively. To place the piece in position, to announce to his gun squad its number in battery, to measure and announce the minimum elevation or range , and to enforce camouflage and gas defense discipline.

To follow fire commands, but to repeat only such part as may be called for by a member of his squad. For direct laying in which his section is used, to assign a part of the target to his gunner. See the pertinent manual of the FM 6-series for the Service of the Piece. For indirect laying, to indicate the general direction to be given the piece and to operate the gunner's quadrant when used. To show that his piece is ready to fire by extending his right arm vertically as soon as his gunner calls "Ready.

Except when otherwise prescribed, to give the command FIRE, dropping his arm sharply to his side. To supervise and check the work of the gun squad and to report to the executive errors discovered in the laying; for example, "No. To report when the piece is out of action and the reason therefor; for example, "No. During firing, to watch the recoil system and measure the length of recoil. To ascertain by inspection that the recoil cylinder contains the proper amount of liquid and that the pressure in the counterrecoil system is correct. To have the section ammunition properly handled, cared for, and stored by lot, and the mat6riel and equipment cleaned as prescribed.

To apply calibration corrections to his piece when and as prescribed by the battery commander. The battery coinmander will designate an ammunition sergeant or corporal. His post is at the battery ammunition dump, if there is one; otherwise, in the vicinity of the post of the executive.

Keep accurate records, by lot, of all ammunition issued to the battery, tabulating receipts, issues, and expenditures; prepare ammunition reports. The telephone operator is usually seated in rear of the battery and toward the windward flank. His duties are to:. Have ample slack wire left at the battery and to see that the wire is not damaged during the occupation of position.

Establish communication promptly and report to the executive, "Communication established. Linemen at the position of the firing battery are with, and under the command of, the telephone operator. The battery commander designates a recorder. The recorder is seated beside the telephone operator. Inspect mat6riel, observe the functioning of the pieces, and make such repairs as can be made properly at the position. To distinguish pyrotechnic signals; to operate rocket boards; to call, "Barrage" immediately upon seeing the barrage signal; and to report other signals in accordance with his orders.

During action, casualties are replaced as follows: Permanent assignments and reassignments are made by the battery commander as appropriate. Casualties are reported to higher authority daily or at such times as called for. Under the direction of the battery commartder, the executive, assisted by the ammunition sergeant, supervises the ammunition supply. The battery commander makes a daily ammunition report to the battalion. Organization of the position is the systematic performance at the firing battery position of all functions which contribute to the prompt opening and delivery of accurate fire and to the concealment and protection of personnel, mat6riel, and ammunition.

Organization begins when the position is selected and is continuous through occupancy. All carriages are unlimbered or uncoupled and prepared for action. The pieces may be placed in line at regular intervals or they may be placed irregularly, in which case they are said to be "staggered. When the pieces are in line and the interval between muzzles is 20 yards, they are said to be at "normal" intervals. When a position is occupied after dark or positions have been selected for each individual piece, the executive designates to each chief of section the position for his piece and the direction of fire.

Each chief of section conducts his section individually to the position designated. Where practicable, in order to avoid a multiplicity of tracks, the position is occupied from the march formation. The position is approached from a flank in section column. The executive checks communication at the battery and posts the telephone operator at the position from which he will normally give commands.

The executive lays the battery as commanded by the battery commander, or, if no commands have been received, lays it parallel in the direction indicated by the gun marker. To refer a piece which has been laid for direction, an aiming point is announced and the deflection is measured and recorded. The command for referring is, for example: A common aiming point used for referring should be fixed, continuously visible, and as distant from the battery as possible. It should contain a clearly defined vertical line or a definite point on which the gunners can lay.

When a common aiming point is used, aiming stakes should be set up for emergency use at such a time as does not interfere with the firing. When a common aiming point is not used, the executive orders the aiming stakes set up as soon as the position is occupied. Two aiming stakes are used for each piece. One stake is set up at a convenient location at least yards from the piece; the other stake is set up at the midpoint between the first stake and the piece.

Both stakes are set up so that they and the sight of the piece are on the same straight line. Whenever aiming stakes are used, the pieces are also referred to an auxiliary aiming point which is used in case the aiming stakes are knocked down during firing. During darkness, a light is attached to each aiming stake, the near light lower than the far light.

Each light is completely screened except for a narrow vertical slit visible through the sight. The correction is made by the gunner who:. Lateral displacement is most likely to occur when the axle of the piece is not level. This is particularly true of materiel equipped with pneumatic tires.

Lateral displacement may be prevented by placing sandbags against the outside of each wheel.

If the pieces are staggered, the executive determines the interval from No. These intervals are recorded and used for forming the sheaf as explained in paragraph As soon as each piece is established in position and laid in the direction indicated by the gun marker, the executive causes the minimum range or elevation to be measured. The foregoing is a rapid method providing a satisfactory safety factor for clearing an unoccupied crest. The battery commander normally will advise the executive as to the probable sector of fire and require a report as to the minimum elevation throughout the sector.

A few probable critical points can be selected readily by Inspection and the minimum elevations determined for them. In this way, accidents will be avoided in instances where the mask is very irregular. The executive may be required to determine minimum elevation for a particular projectile, charge, and fuze; further, he may be required to determine it for each piece.

Pieces are not fired at a quadrant elevation less than the minimum elevation or that corresponding to the minimum range setting and site as determined by the executive. If a fire command includes an elevation or range less than the minimum elevation or range , the executive reports to the battery commander, "Minimum elevation so much " or "Minimum range so much. When the above operations have been completed, the executive reports to the battery commander, "Battery ready.

If complete fire commands are received before these operations have been completed and if it is obviously safe to fire, the opening of fire takes precedence. Further steps in the organization of position are completed as rapidly as possible provided they do not interfere with the fire.

AS time permits, such of the following improvements are carried out as are appropriate for the type of mat6riel: Positions should be concealed from enemy ground and air observation. Measures for concealment must not delay preparations for promptly opening fire. Passive means, such as camouflage, cover, and concealment, are used. Construction work must harmonize with the camouflage scheme and ordinarily be executed at night. All personnel must be instructed in defensive measures and selected individuals taught gas protection.

Sentinels are posted at the pieces when the latter are not actually firing, the remainder of each gun crew being allowed to rest in sheltered positions near by. In the notebook he keeps data of semipermanent value to his piece, such as calibration corrections, base deflection, and data for defensive fires. The ammunition report is prepared from this record. Extract copies of fire missions or fire schedules may be furnished by the battery commander to each chief of piece section and complete copies to the recorder.

All schedules are carefully preserved. Firing is not interrupted because of casualties. Available first aid is administered immediately. Fire commands are commands which convey all the information necessary for the commencement, conduct, suspension, and cessation of fire, and activities incident thereto. Firing data are the elements of a fire command which prescribe the settings of instruments and fuzes in the firing battery. The base piece is the piece usually No. Fire commands originate with the battery commander.

They are sent to the firing battery by telephone, radio, signal flags, signal lamp, voice relay, or messenger. The executive repeats the commands of the battery commander to the gun squads, except as noted herein. Fire commands are not repeated by any member of the firing battery except on request of a subordinate or when a fire command has manifestly been unheard or misunderstood.

Repetitions are prefaced by "The command was so and so. The fire commands for the first firing from a position must contain all the elements necessary to cause instruments and fuzes to be set and the pieces to be laid, loaded, and fired. When firing more than one piece, a change for an individual piece or pieces will be preceded by the command NO. For the executive, the indication to fire is the battery commander's command for the range or elevation, except when otherwise specified herein.

By the gunner during fire at moving targets with direct laying. See the pertinent manual in the FM 6-series for the Service of the Piece. The pieces are left loaded and the laying conforms to the schedule. When fire may be delayed more than a minute, the battery commander should command: The commands FIRE and. A fire command will be followed by all pieces unless it includes NO. This command may be given as the first element of the fire command or may follow any other element of the command except the range or elevation.

At the command NO. The commands for ceasing and suspending fire may be given at any appropriate place in the sequence. When the command REFER is to be used as an element of a fire command, it follows the announcement of the aiming point. The first two are not repeated verbatim to the gun squads. The battery commander may direct the initial laying of the battery for direction by commanding: After the battery has been laid for direction initially, the battery commander announces changes in direction by commanding: It is an order to use direct laying.

Each gunner is assigned his part of the target by his chief of section; the latter also corrects the direction of his piece during firing. The battery commander commands: When the aiming point is not visible from all pieces of the battery, the executive may set the announced deflection on an aiming circle, sight on the aiming point, using the lower motion, and lay the battery as described in paragraph The executive does not repeat this command. The instrument should be at least 30 yards from any masses of metal which might deflect the needle.

With the prismatic compass. He holds the compass to his eye and gives the following command to the gunner: The execution of this command lays the piece on the prolongation of the line: The executive measures the compass reading of this line by reading to the sight of the piece. The remaining pieces are laid parallel by reciprocal laying on the base piece par. With the aiming circle. After clamping the needle, he lays each piece reciprocally on the aiming circle par.

The result is the firing angle for the base piece, using the aiming circle as an aiming point. The battery commander commands, for example: If the orienting line runs through the sight of the base piece, the executive commands, for example: The remaining pieces are laid parallel to the base piece by any convenient method.

He then lays each piece reciprocally on the aiming circle par. The aiming circle is set up in a position suitable for use as an aiming point and the , line is established in the proper direction as described in paragraphs 54, 55 b, and With panoramic sights, 3, mils must be subtracted from readings which exceed 3, The executive commands, for example: This method should be considered only an emergency means of forming a parallel sheaf for use when an aiming circle is not available.

The base piece having been laid for direction, the executive may command, for example: When the pieces have been laid, the executive announces an aiming point and causes the pieces to be referred. The deflection announced is that of the base piece. After establishing the direction for the base piece, the battery commander may cause the others to be laid parallel by the command: If the battery commander desires to control distribution directly, following a command for direction he announces a command for deflection difference; for example: If the battery commander desires to control distribution indirectly through the executive, he will give a command for convergence par.

The command given by the battery commander is: He then determines the individual corrections to converge Nos. On occupation of position, the executive may prepare a convergence table as follows: He tabulates these results. For the mm gun, French, M, the command is: The command for shell is: I or other type designation ; the use of shrapnel is directed by the command for corrector setting. For charges termed normal, reduced, or supercharge, the charge is designated in a fire command only when other than the normal charge is to be used.

When a change is to be made from either of the two above charges to the normal charge, the command is: When using shrapnel or time shell , the command for a corrector setting is: When the fuze setter is graduated for corrector and time, the commands are: When using fuze setters graduated for corrector and range, the fuze range is the same as the range setting unless otherwise announced. When pieces are laid at an elevation rather than at a range setting, the fuze range is announced initially; thereafter, whenever changed. TO fire the battery, the command is: To fire one platoon, the command is: To fire any other combination of pieces, the command is: When a change in pieces to fire or the method of fire, or both, is to be made, the commands for both elements are given.

The methods of fire are salvo fire, volley fire, volley fire sweeping, continuous fire, by piece at my command, fire at will. This interval will be used until the method is changed or another interval announced. If one or more pieces are apparently in error or are very slow, they are called out and the remaining pieces fired. Fire is opened at the executive's command FIRE, given immediately after the range or elevation.

There are three exceptions to the above, as follows:. Each round is fired at the executive's command. When the last round of the sweep has been fired, the gunner traverses the piece back to the original laying. The execution is the same as for normal sweeping, except that even-numbered pieces sweep to the right.

Changes of data are applied so as not to stop the fire or break its continuity. By piece at my command. This method is used for firing at a target attacking or about to attack the battery. The laying is as prescribed in the pertinent manual of the FM 6-series for the Service of the Piece.

If the battery commander does not desire the pieces to be loaded, he commands: If the battery commander desires the pieces to be loaded but the opening of fire to be held, he commands: The command is not repeated by the executive. When the pieces are ready to fire, the executive reports, "Battery is ready. FIRE, which is repeated by the executive. The command to use or discontinue using the gunner's quadrant is announced immediately before the range or elevation. The command for range is the announcement of the range setting, as, "4,"; for elevation' the elevation setting, as, " The command for the executive to fire a series of ranges in a definite sequence is ZONE, followed by the range bound if other than yards and the limiting ranges.

The executive does not repeat the command but gives commands to fire at the following ranges: The ranges fired for the first command given above are 4,, 4,, 4,, 4,, 4, If it is desired to fire through a zone two or more times, appropriate commands are repeated as necessary. The command for the range or elevation always is given in each series of fire commands when it is intended that pieces be loaded and fired. Written data for concentrations and standing barrages usually are sent to the executive by command sheet.

When time limits are shown for missions other than a rolling barrage, the executive causes the fire to start at the designated time. The normal barrage may be started by the piece sentinels par. Sufficient ammunition for several complete barrages is stored in a place convenient for prompt use. When not engaged in firing, the battery is kept laid on its normal barrage. If the initial laying was by compass, the battery commander may order the executive to "Report the adjusted compass.

The gunner of the base piece refers to the executive's instrument and announces the deflection. The executive reports, "Adjusted compass so much. This amount plus the declination constant of the aiming circle is the adjusted compass. He is thus able at any subsequent time to lay the , line of his instrument in the direction of the base point, provided he does not move his instrument. The position of the instrument should be marked by a stake.

Subsequent -use of instrument direction. For the foregoing command, sets the azimuth and micrometer scales at 6, 6, without disturbing the lower motion. And continues the mission ordered. To measure an instrument-direction shift. The base piece having been laid for direction, the battery commander commands, for example: At the first round of a salvo or similar series of fire, the telephone operator reports to the battery commander, "On the way. On the completion of the salvo or series, the operator reports, "Round completed.

Aiming point and deflection, battery in line at regular intervals. Compass, registering on a base point. He then lays the battery reciprocally on the aiming circle par. Using an aiming point and deflection, the battery being in line at regular intervals, when the battery commander desires to control distribution directly, he commands: Having recorded base deflection, to begin a precision adjustment on a target, the battery commander commands: Having completed the previous mission, to begin a bracket adjustment, the battery commander commands: Edit page New page More.

Integrate Joint Doctrine with the following: Army doctrine is at: The problem with continuing a search past apparently good-enough information to the best information is that such searches must continue for ever because a person can never be certain that better information will not be found if the search continues.

That being the case, predictability of search "Repositories The notion is that if a person finds a document such as "DataComms. These can then be use to seek out new sources of information. This approach addresses the "unknown unknown" problem. As for your question about how joint doctrine is used: It is a structure of information that provides predictable search. Those who maintain joint doctrine don't realize this because while they understand some of the reasons that joint doctrine is absolutely essential they are unaware of other equally important reasons joint doctrine is important.

If I search by Google for field artillery I get: Activity-based Information I am sending the attached to you because the article presents the intelligence community as being in need of your big-data approach and methods. Slide 5 Information Meeting on Joint Doctrine http: Slide 6 Joint Electronic Library http: Slide 12 Conclusions and Recommendations.

Research Notes Peter Morosoff Comments Your simple and obvious request proved much harder to respond to than I ever dreamed it would be. The terminology defined in [9], for examp- le, was created by selecting terms and definitions from a wide range of sources. No common rules for definitions were employed, and so there is no way of checking even for simple logical consistency of the resulting artifact. We believe, however, that such conformity is not only indispensable if unified action between human warfighters and IT systems is to be achieved, but further that it would bring multiple significant benefits to military IT systems themselves, and thus also to the developers of such systems, because it would provide a benchmark for interoperability.

Distinguish between general terms and proper names. All general terms should be singular in number. Thus a definition of a general term A should have the two- part form: For example from [16]: Returning to JP we can now, following rule 5, define: Starting, for example, from the definition: The second, in accordance with rule 5, adds a representation of the appropriate parent term here, trivially, operation to yield: The most general categories in military doctrine are: OBO Foundry strategy for modular coordination Nowhere is it stated explicitly in military doctrine that these are the basic categories of the reality of war.

The creation of an ontology for each JP n-m then follows three steps: Common Core and associated domain ontologies. Define architecture as integrated and systems architecture as an architecture of a system yielding taxonomy part of ontology How does ACC do it? Sample terms see definitions: Joint Doctrine Ontology Thursday morning: High speed, big data analytics, etc. Ontologies everywhere and after building knowledge bases. Joint Doctrine will help, I believe we we need this, etc. Examples of Potential Benefits 1. The Joint Publications Source: Personnel Series Doctrine for planning, coordinating, and providing personnel support to joint operations.

JP , Legal Support to Military Operations,17 August This publication provides joint doctrine and information for the planning, preparation, and execution of legal support to joint military operations.

JP , Religious Affairs in Joint Operations, 20 November This publication provides doctrine for religious affairs in joint operations. JP , Financial Management Support in Joint Operations, 02 March This publication provides doctrine for financial management in support of joint operations, to include multinational and interagency financial coordination considerations.

Countering Air and Missile Threats. Joint Shipboard Helicopter Operations. Interorganizational Coordination During Joint Operations. Joint Security Operations in Theater. Doctrine for Joint Nuclear Operations. Doctrine for Joint Theater Nuclear Operations. Military Information Support Operations. Joint Forcible Entry Operations. Command and Control for Joint Air Operations. Command and Control for Joint Land Operations.

Air Force Doctrine Annex 3-01 Counterair Operations 27 October 2015

Command and Control for Joint Maritime Operations. Joint Task Force Headquarters. Deployment and Redeployment Operations. Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction. Meteorological and Oceanographic Operations. Joint Doctrine for the Defense Transportation System.

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