The basics of Aspergers Disorder (Autism Spectrum Disorder Book 1)
Contents:
In addition, significant abnormality in the functional integration of amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus have also been observed Welchew et al. Interestingly, neuroimaging patterns of AS individuals are not affected by stimuli type static and dynamic faces Horlin et al. For instance, story task and cartoon task activate the same region of brain medial prefrontal region Castelli, Additionally, main emotions, manifested by face, can activate fusiform and extra striates Deeley et al. After all, the most dominant aspects of diagnosis of AS are behavior, then language and movement.
Therefore, in the following sections, we will review articles published on the above mentioned domains in AS. Many AS individuals develop secondary psychiatric disorders in adolescence and adulthood. This could be because of genetic, psychiatric family history, and neurological diseases in autistic spectrum disorders. They more likely to have relatives with depression, schizophrenia, and broader autistic phenotype. Along with above mentioned disease, bipolar disorder in AS is frequently observed Vannucchi et al. Studies have also shown that persons with frontotemporal lobe degeneration, like those with maladaptive behavior, may suffer from subclinical AS, too.
These studies report coincidence of Asperger and other disorders. Therefore, investigation of these comorbidities and brain structural similarities among AS people and individuals with ADHD, schizophrenia, depression and anxiety are also recommended for future studies. In summary, several findings on abnormalities of behavior, cognition and brain structure and functions in AS were discussed. According to previous studies, the most apparent characteristics of AS individuals are the stereotypic and obsessive behavior as well as abnormalities in socioemotional and communicative behavior.
Furthermore, they show more irregularities in motor development. Moreover, history of language acquisition is also important. In other words, better understanding of behavioral and cognitive abnormalities requires a better knowledge of neural alteration in AS. In general, studies point to structural abnormalities in AS such as decrease in grey matter at temporal cortex, bilateral amygdala, hippocampus gyrus, prefrontal lobe, medial frontal gyrus, left occipital gyrus, right cerebellum, limbic striatal, bilateral caudate, left thalamus, putamen and precuneus.
There are also functional abnormalities in cerebellum, frontal, temporal lobes, and limbic system. The findings could help on early diagnosis and proposing an earlier intervention program. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. All authors certify that this manuscript has neither been published in whole nor in part nor being considered for publication elsewhere.
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Journal List Basic Clin Neurosci v. Find articles by Farnaz Faridi.
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 45 4 , — Asperger syndrome remains a useful profile for many diagnosticians and professionals. Find articles by Farnaz Faridi. A dimensional classification of autism spectrum disorder by social communication domains. An interest may sometimes be unusual.
Find articles by Reza Khosrowabadi. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Reza Khosrowabadi, PhD, Address: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Asperger syndrome AS is a subtype of Autism Spectrum Disorder ASD characterized by major problems in social and nonverbal communication, together with limited and repetitive forms of behavior and interests. Asperger syndrome, Behavioral deficit, Cognitive dysfunction, Neurobiological marker. Age effect One of the main problems in diagnosis of autism and AS is the late occurrence of some atypical behavioral and cognitive changes, like impairment of social communication or alteration in occurrence of puberty.
Gender effect Studies commonly report that AS is observed four times more in males than females. Cognitive Markers of Asperger Syndrome AS adults have distinct pattern of cognition from healthy control Bucaille et al. Neurobiological Basis of Asperger Syndrome AS causes some chemical, structural and functional abnormalities in the brain which are discussed in following. Chemical markers There are several neurotransmitters responsible for dampening or facilitating cellular activities in the brain.
Brain structural changes The spread and heterogeneity of the neuroimaging findings about AS suggest that it is a widely distributed disorder affecting both grey and white matters. Comorbidity of Asperger Syndrome and Psychiatric Disorders Many AS individuals develop secondary psychiatric disorders in adolescence and adulthood. Acknowledgments This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Footnotes Conflict of Interest All authors certify that this manuscript has neither been published in whole nor in part nor being considered for publication elsewhere. Neuropsychological functioning in adults with Asperger syndrome. Autism , 10 6 , — Impaired structural connectivity of socio-emotional circuits in autism spectrum disorders: A diffusion tensor imaging study.
A meta-analytic review of cognitive planning [PhD thesis].
1. Asperger Syndrome
An investigation of adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism, and normal sex differences. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 33 5 , — Are intuitive physics and intuitive psychology independent? A test with children with Asperger syndrome. Journal of Developmental and Learning Disorders , 5 1 , 47— Differentiating autism and Asperger syndrome on the basis of language delay or impairment. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 38 4 , — White matter integrity in Asperger syndrome: A preliminary diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging study in adults.
Autism Research , 3 5 , — Interdisciplinary implications on autism, savantism, Asperger syndrome and the biophysical picture representation: Cognitive Systems Research , 22—23 , 67— The level and nature of autistic intelligence revisited. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 39 4 , — The application of eye-tracking technology in the study of autism. The Journal of Physiology , 3 , — Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 7 12 , — Psychoneuroendocrinology , 34 7 , — Comparison to typical adults.
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders , 21 , 1— 9.
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Autism, Asperger syndrome and brain mechanisms for the attribution of mental states to animated shapes. Brain , 8 , — Altered cerebellar feedback projections in Asperger syndrome. NeuroImage , 41 4 , — Judgments of cause and blame: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 41 11 , — From acoustics to grammar: Perceiving and interpreting grammatical prosody in adolescents with Asperger syndrome.
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders , 3 2 , — An event related functional magnetic resonance imaging study of facial emotion processing in Asperger syndrome.
Biological Psychiatry , 62 3 , — Oxytocin promotes facial emotion recognition and amygdala reactivity in adults with Asperger syndrome. Neuropsychopharmacology , 39 3 , — Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 43 7 , — Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 38 3 , — A gaze tracking system for children with autism spectrum disorders. Gaming Media and Social Effects , — Confusions and controversies about Asperger syndrome.
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 45 4 , — Boys with Aspergersyndrome grow up: Psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders 20 years after initial diagnosis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 46 1 , 74— Testing complex emotion recognition in adults with and without Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 36 2 , — Systemized versus non-systemized semantic processing. Metaphor and Symbol , 27 1 , 55— Semantic integration during metaphor comprehension in Asperger syndrome. Brain and Language , 3 , — Behavioural aspects of cerebellar function in adults with Asperger syndrome.
The Cerebellum , 4 4 , — Asperger syndrome and nonverbal learning difficulties in adult males: Disordered cortical connectivity underlies the executive function deficits in children with autism spectrum disorders.
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Research in Developmental Disabilities , 61 , 19— Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 38 2 , — Brain and Cognition , 66 3 , — Asperger syndrome in males over two decades: Stability and predictors of diagnosis. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 56 6 , — 8. Automatic metaphor processing in adults with Asperger syndrome: A metaphor interference effect task. Assessment , 18 2 , — The influence of static versus naturalistic stimuli on face processing in children with and without Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism.
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders , 7 12 , — The book is geared toward parents, teachers, and caregivers, and offers everyday strategies for helping children learn and communicate.
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It also guides you on how to make daily tasks like bath time and meals as opportunities for growth and development. Children with autism grow up to be adults with autism. For parents, this eventuality can be worrying. The book is filled with personal stories of Senator and others navigating adulthood with autism. The emotional side of such a diagnosis can be difficult, and Kim offers actionable advice for coping. We pick these items based on the quality of the products, and list the pros and cons of each to help you determine which will work best for you.
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The basics of Asperger's Disorder (Autism Spectrum Disorder Book 1) - Kindle edition by Emily Strong. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, . Your Guide to Understanding Autism, Asperger's Syndrome, Pdd-Nos and Other Autism You're closer than you think to understanding Autism Spectrum Disorders Be Aware! Pdd-Nos and Other Autism Spectrum Disorders ( Paperback – December 1, .. very basic information (in plain layman terms) about autism.
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Apr 13, Fritz rated it it was amazing. A must read This book is a must-read for any parent of an autistic child. There it's a wealth of information here and is undoubtedly a resource to return to many times. Everything is covered, and additional resources are given for any aspect of life with autism that you can think of. This is an informative book that's an easy read because things don't get too technical - it's like having a good friend holding your hand and leading the way. Thank you from a grandmother!
I choose this book because I was confused as to what autism is. I did appreciate the inside the author gave on a number of issues I had not thought of. I am just the grandparent of a boy with autism and I wish to help rather than hinder his further development. Feb 13, Amanda rated it it was amazing. This is an easy to read and informative book. My daughter 11 checked it out of our local library for a non-fiction writing project.
We both read the entire book. This is a great starting point for people interested in understanding ASD. Recommended Read I liked everything a about this book. Great resource if your looking for support groups. This book gives great insight on certain behaviors.
Easy to read book on understanding autism in infants through adult. Chock-full of additional resources. Dec 08, Barbara Moher rated it really liked it. Very informative, I did skip parts, but there are some kids in the family and some where I volunteer that are affected so I wanted to know more. This book did that for me.
Mar 28, Kelly rated it it was amazing. What it means to have a child with autism and how to help your child. Aug 26, Rozan rated it it was amazing. A must have for practitioners working with children with developmental delays or ASD or parents of children with such diagnosis.
Asperger’s Syndrome - Autism Society
The book provides valid information on symptoms, criteria available resources and helps its readers understand ASD through words of parents of children with developmental delays and people having a similar diagnosis. A good description of this puzzling world of ASD. However, I think one of the downfalls of the book is that it does not list specific treatments available A must have for practitioners working with children with developmental delays or ASD or parents of children with such diagnosis.
However, I think one of the downfalls of the book is that it does not list specific treatments available with good descriptions of each it directs the reader to many other resources in which they can find access to such information including websites and other resources. Though, a great book as all in 1 about developmental delays!
Feb 15, Carolyn Gerk rated it liked it. Very interesting, full of useful information. Would be a tad more useful if it were to delve further into some of the techniques and treatments rather than sending the reader to countless websites. I suppose that would be due to the huge number of options available and that fact that an author couldn't fit them all into one book. I learned a lot from this book and enjoyed reading the paragraphs placed throughout from the perspective of parents of and people with ASDs. I do, however wish there was Very interesting, full of useful information.