Oeuvres de Nestor Makhno (French Edition)

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Throughout his period of struggle, he consistently advocated the creation of anarchist communism in the most difficult and impractical of conditions. Forced to flee by the Bolsheviks, he eventually ended up in exile in Paris. Marginalized and impoverished, in poor health as a result of wounds sustained in fighting against the Whites and the Bolsheviks, and time spent in prisons inside tsarist Russia before the Revolution and in Eastern European prisons en route to exile afterwards, Nestor Makhno wrote occasional essays in self-vindication and in vindication of the peasant insurgent movement that bore his name.

Published primarily for fellow-exiles, these essays ranged from the theoretical and analytical, establishing him plainly as a deliberate as well as a visceral anarchist, to challenges thrown out to his enemiesincluding some Jewish anarchists - to produce proof of the alleged anti-Semitism of his movement in revolutionary Ukraine. He remained politically active, contributing to Delo Truda and other papers, and helped create the Organizational Platform Of The Libertarian Communists.

Makhno was determined that the next time anarchism, acting in the light of experiences dearly bought, revamped and more disciplined thanks to its Organizational Platform, might reap the rewards proportionate with the commitment and sacrifice of its activists. Nestor Makhno died from tuberculosis on July 25, , aged Ernest Mandel joined the Belgian affiliate of the Fourth International FI, founded by Trotsky in when he was seventeen and has been a member of the Central Committee of this organization since He was active in the anti-Nazi resistance and was arrested and sent to a German prison camp in The Second World Congress of the FI, held after the war, elected him to a leadership position, which he has since maintained.

During the s and s, when the Trotskyists operated within the Belgian Socialist Party, Mandel worked in the Economic Studies Commission of the Belgian Trade Union Federation, writing a report on economic concentration. He was expelled from the Socialist Party for opposing its coalition with the Christian Socialists and its acceptance of antistrike legislation. Mandel has been barred at various times from entering the United States, France, Switzerland, and Germany, where he nonetheless earned a doctorate in political economy at the Free University of Berlin.

In addition to his prolific activity as an editor and writer for the Trotskyist and other leftist press, Mandel has published several volumes of political essays. His main contributions have been the two-volume Marxist Economic Theory and the massive Late Capitalism The former aims to show that it is possible, on the basis of the scientific data of contemporary science, to reconstitute the whole economic system of Karl Marx.

It thus consists, on the one hand, of the compilation of an enormous mass of data and descriptive material bearing on the nature and history of capitalism and, on the other, of an attempt to integrate parts of bourgeois economics along with elements of the many conflicting Marxist schools into one comprehensive theory. Late Capitalism more particularly strives to explain the contemporary history of capitalism by its immanent laws of motion. Despite these modifications, however, capitalism remains under the sway of the crisis tendency diagnosed by Marx.

He acted as a stimulus for the formation of the Victorian Socialist Party. While advocating revolutionary socialism, it still remained inside the ALP. Mann was invited to Broken Hill, and won the craft unionists to the policy of industrial unionism. On his return to Britain, took a pacifist position on the war; became a founding member of the British Communist Party in Leader of Red International of Labour Unions.

See Tom Mann Archive.

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Born in to Armenian parents in Turkey, he left there as a youth after his father was killed in a massacre and his mother died through disease. In France he quickly became involved in Armenian literary circles, editing two literary magazines.

In he was transferred to the multi-national umbrella organization of foreign resistance fighters, the FTP-MOI, and was put in charge of the Parisian section. After carrying out numerous actions, Manouchian and the bulk of his comrades were captured in November and executed on February 21, Their trial was the subject of a large-scale Nazi and collaborationist propaganda campaign, painting the resistance as a tool of foreigners.

Two years later he was elected to the Central Committee of the party at the Third Congress. In , Japan opened a full war of aggression against China, which gave the Chinese Communist Party cause to unite with the nationalist forces of the Kuomintang. Still chariman of the Communist Party, in May Mao initiated the Cultural Revolution with a directive denouncing "people like Khrushchev nestling beside us.

Born in Switzerland, he studied medicine in England, and wrote scientific and medical works in French and English, but failed to gain official recognition for his work. His Philosophical Essay on Man was attacked by Voltaire for its materialism. In August , he was elected to the Convention, where he led the attack against the Girondists. On July 13 , he was stabbed to death in his bath by Charlotte Corday, a royalist sympathiser.

Belfort Bax , which concludes:. Marat, though not a Socialist, was a precursor of Socialism. See the Jean-Paul Marat Archive. Having become a member of the Social Democratic Party while a student at the University of Freiburg, Marcuse joined the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research in and became its most widely read spokesperson. He fled to Geneva in when Hitler came to power, then went to the United States in , where he taught at Columbia University and became a US citizen in An intelligence analyst for the U.

He returned to teaching in at Columbia and Harvard, Brandeis University , and the University of California at San Diego , where after retirement he was honorary emeritus professor of philosophy until his death. A Hegelian-Freudian-Marxist, Marcuse highlighted the cultural forms of repression and the role of technology and the expansion of the production of consumer goods in the maintenance of the stability of capitalism. Marcuse observed that Post-War prosperity had managed to keep the masses intellectually and spiritually captive and his later works are permeated with pessimism.

Although a open critic of the established order, Marcuse did not applaud the demonstrations by students, many of whom were his readers, believing the demonstrations to be misguided: See Herbert Marcuse Archive. The United States Socialist Party platform of called for the tactics of mass action and general strike as a means to prevent the impending war.

A strong advocate of this approach, Mary Marcy, then a member of the SP's left-wing and editor of the International Socialist Review, authored of a series of articles in that journal explaining how if workers united and shut down the mines, factories, and transportation, it would be workers, not the ruling class, that would have control of the military and of economic power.

This is a position Marcy and the ISR would fearlessly maintain throughout the war years. Marcy also stressed that it is relatively easy for the ruling class to suppress such a revolt by getting rid of the leaders.

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But when mass action is independent of leaders? It is nearly impossible to stop a rank-and-file revolutionary movement. In her preface to The Life of Eugene Debs , she wrote, "Men do not wage the great class struggle in the study, nor in the editorial rooms The workers are the fighters and the thinkers of the revolutionary movements. It is not hard to understand how Mary Marcy came to be an outspoken, influential and respected revolutionary writer.

Born in in Belleville, Illinois, Mary Tobias was orphaned as a child.

She went to work as a teenager and a few years later taught herself stenography skills while raising her two younger siblings. She learned the consequences of being a political radical early when she was fired for wearing a William Jennings Bryan button to work in something forbidden by her employer, a maker of American flags.

An impressed Clarence Darrow, learning of her dismissal, secured her a job at the University of Chicago where she got the perk of taking tuition-free classes. She studied there, among other things, psychology under John Dewey. In soon after she married Leslie Marcy, they moved to Kansas City where she took work in a packing firm. Two years later, they joined the SP. It was the only socialist paper to support the left wing of the SP as well as the IWW, a position reflected in Marcy's work.

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Marcy dedicated herself to writing for workers in everyday language. She broke down economics into understandable parts with a series on Marxist economics in the ISR which later became the booklet Shop Talks On Economics, which was translated into many languages. She wrote stories for children in order to introduce them to historical materialism.

She also reported on the major strikes of the day, technology in industry, farm and agricultural issues, elections, international policy, verse for a deck of Socialist playing cards, poetry, and a satirical play on free love. Clearly she put class struggle as primary, but neither did she think women were in any way intellectually inferior to men; encouraging them to join unions and the Socialist Party.

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Marcy continued writing articles and letters to her correspondents around the world and worked in support of her comrades that were in prison or enduring government harassment. Worn down, disillusioned, and her health in decline, she committed suicide in Heavily influenced by Rousseau and the atheist priest Jean Meslier, his ideology was a mix of utopian mainly agrarian socialism and materialism.

Thanks to the anonymous nature of his work with Babeuf he escaped the repression that fell on the failed conspiracy. Important figure in the Irish trade union movement, who identified with the politics of James Connolly. She was raised in a conservative environment in Ireland, moved to Paris as a young adult and there married Count Markievicz.

She studied painting and acting and in became involved in the Irish freedom struggle including campaigning for workers in Dublin during the strike. Though she was involved in emancipatory projects for women, she did not consistently support feminist positions. Markievicz was sentenced to death for her role in the Easter Revolt, but received amnesty and later ran and won a seat in the House of Commons as a Sinn Fein candidate--and first woman ever elected--in After the murder of James Connolly, Markievicz gradually moved toward the right as the Minister of Labour, harshly criticizing Bolshevism.

He has participated in the war of liberation, , before starting his studies at the University of Belgrade. Ayer and wrote his thesis on The Concept of Logic. In the ties Markovi? From this year Markovi? Among his books are: One of the chief founders of the school of English neoclassical economists and first principal of University College, Bristol He thereafter devoted himself to his writings. From to he was a member of the Royal Commission on Labour. His Industry and Trade was a study of industrial organisation; Money, Credit and Commerce was published in Writing at a time when the economic world was deeply divided on the theory of value, Marshall succeeded, largely by introducing the element of time as a factor in analysis, in reconciling the classical cost-of-production principle with the marginal-utility principle formulated by William Jevons and the Austrian school.

Marshall is often considered to have been in the line of descent of the great English economists — Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and J. Right-wing Menshevik before and for a few years after the revolution an opponent of the Soviet government. Strong advocate of the two stage theory: He joined the Communist Party in , and became an opponent of the Left Opposition. He was a chief architect of the Stalinist theories used to justify subordinating the workers to the "progressive" bourgeoisie, including the concept of the "bloc of four classes. The ideological leader of Menshevism , he began his political career in working with Lenin in the St.

A Centrist during WWI. He was nonetheless an irreconcilable opponent of the Soviet government. He choose to emigrate to Berlin and founded Sotsialistichesky Vestnik, the central publication of the Mensheviks in emigration. Marx, Edgar Musch Marx, Eleanor Tussy Tussy was a precocious youngster who showed an early interest in politics including writing to major political figures around the world as a child. Tussy began a life-long love of books and theater. She would later translate several works of literature as well as become a stage actress. Once engaged to Prosper Lissagary, she met Edward Aveling in and they would live together in common law for the reminder of her life.

They became members of the Democratic Federation led by Henry Hyndman in the early s. Tussy wrote in the draft of the program that the needed change in society will be a revolution. The Democratic Federation, later renamed the Social Democratic Federation broke up in over personality problems and the issue of internationalism.

In Tussy toured in the U. Along with continuing work translating literature and acting, she became very involved in organizing, writing, record-keeping and speaking for militant trade union such as the Gasworkers, and the Dockers Union and their struggles. In she was a delegate in Paris for the founding of the Second International. Mounted police horses get LSD The Provos, Amsterdam anarchists, became widely known for their protests against the monarchy: She was associated with the attempt on Internationale Situationniste A group of experimental artists and intellectuals establishes the Situationist International during a two-day conference in Italy In well-informed circles, Max Nettlau was known as the ' There he was active in the underground during the The burial committee had La Protesta In the s immigration to the Argentine Republic increased rapidly.

The many poor newcomers were receptive to socialist and Bomb in Barcelona On June 7, , a bomb exploded amidst a religious procession in Cambios Nuevos, Barcelona, which caused a drummer corporal and They were accused of murder in the The Italian Luce Fabbri, the La Tramontana Anarchists in Catalonia in founded the satirical magazine La Tramontana, named after a local wind.

This wind, according to Terrorism and Anarchism In February a bomb placed by an anarchist in Paris created an enormous fear of anarchism. This was the background for Idealistic film makers and photographers like Max Nettlau In well-informed circles, Max Nettlau was known as the 'Herodotus of Anarchy', the first and greatest historian of the anarchist

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