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Tokyo still sees new urban developments on large lots of less profitable land. Buildings of significance are demolished for more up-to-date shopping facilities such as Omotesando Hills. Land reclamation projects in Tokyo have also been going on for centuries. The most prominent is the Odaiba area, now a major shopping and entertainment center. Various plans have been proposed [43] for transferring national government functions from Tokyo to secondary capitals in other regions of Japan, in order to slow down rapid development in Tokyo and revitalize economically lagging areas of the country.
These plans have been controversial [44] within Japan and have yet to be realized. However, due to Tokyo's earthquake-resistant infrastructure, damage in Tokyo was very minor compared to areas directly hit by the tsunami, [45] although activity in the city was largely halted. Tokyo will be the first Asian city to host the Olympic Games twice. Also within the administrative boundaries of Tokyo Metropolis are two island chains in the Pacific Ocean directly south: Because of these islands and the mountainous regions to the west, Tokyo's overall population density figures far under-represent the real figures for the urban and suburban regions of Tokyo.
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government administers the whole metropolis including the 23 special wards and the cities and towns that constitute the prefecture Tokyo Metropolis. It is headed by a publicly elected governor and metropolitan assembly.
Its headquarters are located in Shinjuku Ward. As a result, unlike other city wards in Japan, these wards are not conterminous with a larger incorporated city. While falling under the jurisdiction of Tokyo Metropolitan Government, each ward is also a borough with its own elected leader and council, like other cities of Japan. The special wards use the word "city" in their official English name e.
The wards differ from other cities in having a unique administrative relationship with the prefectural government. Certain municipal functions, such as waterworks, sewerage, and fire-fighting, are handled by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. To pay for the added administrative costs, the prefecture collects municipal taxes, which would usually be levied by the city. It is occupied by many major Japanese companies and is also the seat of the national government , and the Japanese emperor. It is often called the "political center" of the country.
To the west of the special wards, Tokyo Metropolis consists of cities, towns, and villages that enjoy the same legal status as those elsewhere in Japan. While serving as " bed towns " for those working in central Tokyo, some of them also have a local commercial and industrial base, such as Tachikawa. Collectively, these are often known as the Tama area or Western Tokyo. The far west of the Tama area is occupied by the district gun of Nishi-Tama. Much of this area is mountainous and unsuitable for urbanization.
The district is composed of three towns Hinode , Mizuho and Okutama and one village Hinohara. Because of the islands' distance from the administrative headquarters of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government in Shinjuku, local subprefectural branch offices administer them.
The Izu Islands are grouped into three subprefectures. The remaining islands are six villages, with Niijima and Shikinejima forming one village. Ogasawara also administers two tiny outlying islands: Local populations are only found on Chichi-Jima and Haha-Jima.
The islands form both Ogasawara Subprefecture and the village of Ogasawara, Tokyo. A number of museums are located in Ueno Park: There are also artworks and statues at several places in the park. There is also a zoo in the park, and the park is a popular destination to view cherry blossoms.
It is not uncommon in the metro area to have hundreds of these minor quakes magnitudes 4—6 that can be felt in a single year, something local residents merely brush off but can be a source of anxiety to not only to foreign visitors but Japanese from elsewhere as well. They rarely cause much damage sometimes a few injuries as they are either too small or far away as quakes tend to dance around the region. Particularly active are offshore regions and to a lesser extent Chiba and Ibaraki.
Tokyo has been hit by powerful megathrust earthquakes in , , , , , and much more indirectly some liquefaction in landfill zones in ; [60] [61] the frequency of direct and large quakes is a relative rarity. The earthquake, with an estimated magnitude of 8. The quake focus was hundreds of kilometers away and resulted in no direct deaths in the metropolitan area. The region, like much of Japan, experiences a one-month seasonal lag , with the warmest month being August, which averages The record highest low temperature is Snowfall is sporadic, but does occur almost annually.
Tokyo's offshore territories' climates vary significantly from the city. Tokyo's Izu and Ogasawara islands are affected by an average of 5. Architecture in Tokyo has largely been shaped by Tokyo's history. Twice in recent history has the metropolis been left in ruins: Tokyo also features two distinctive towers: Tokyo Tower , and the new Tokyo Skytree , which is the tallest tower in both Japan and the world, and the second tallest structure in the world after the Burj Khalifa in Dubai.
Tokyo also contains numerous parks and gardens. Tokyo has enacted a measure to cut greenhouse gases.
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Tokyo has been cited as a "convincing example of the relationship between urban growth and climate. As of October , the official intercensal estimate showed In , the Ministry of Home Affairs recorded 1,, people in Tokyo City and a total of 1,, people in Tokyo-fu.
The most common nationality was British residents , followed by United States nationals and nationals of the Qing dynasty Tokyo has the largest metropolitan economy in the world. Tokyo is a major international finance center; [86] it houses the headquarters of several of the world's largest investment banks and insurance companies, and serves as a hub for Japan's transportation, publishing, electronics and broadcasting industries. During the centralized growth of Japan's economy following World War II , many large firms moved their headquarters from cities such as Osaka the historical commercial capital to Tokyo, in an attempt to take advantage of better access to the government.
This trend has begun to slow due to ongoing population growth in Tokyo and the high cost of living there.
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Tokyo was rated by the Economist Intelligence Unit as the most expensive highest cost-of-living city in the world for 14 years in a row ending in Tokyo emerged as a leading international financial center IFC in the s and has been described as one of the three "command centers" for the world economy , along with New York City and London. The Tokyo Stock Exchange is Japan's largest stock exchange , and third largest in the world by market capitalization and fourth largest by share turnover. The farmland is concentrated in Western Tokyo. Perishables such as vegetables, fruits, and flowers can be conveniently shipped to the markets in the eastern part of the prefecture.
Komatsuna and spinach are the most important vegetables; as of , Tokyo supplied Decreases in the price of timber, increases in the cost of production, and advancing old age among the forestry population have resulted in a decline in Tokyo's output. In addition, pollen, especially from cryptomeria, is a major allergen for the nearby population centers.
Tokyo Bay was once a major source of fish. Skipjack tuna , nori , and aji are among the ocean products. Tourism in Tokyo is also a contributor to the economy. Many tourists visit the various downtowns, stores, and entertainment districts throughout the neighborhoods of the special wards of Tokyo ; particularly for school children on class trips, a visit to Tokyo Tower is de rigueur. The Tsukiji Fish Market in Tokyo is the biggest wholesale fish and seafood market in the world, and also one of the largest wholesale food markets of any kind.
The Tsukiji market holds strong to the traditions of its predecessor, the Nihonbashi fish market, and serves some 50, buyers and sellers every day. Retailers, whole-sellers, auctioneers, and public citizens alike frequent the market, creating a unique microcosm of organized chaos that still continues to fuel the city and its food supply after over four centuries. Tokyo, as the center of the Greater Tokyo Area , is Japan's largest domestic and international hub for rail and ground. However, its airspace has been under the US military's exclusive rights after World War II and some flight routes are returned to Japan.
There are up to 62 electric train lines and more than train stations in Tokyo. Narita International Airport in Chiba Prefecture is the major gateway for international travelers to Japan.
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Various islands governed by Tokyo have their own airports. Rail is the primary mode of transportation in Tokyo, [ citation needed ] which has the most extensive urban railway network in the world and an equally extensive network of surface lines. JR East operates Tokyo's largest railway network, including the Yamanote Line loop that circles the center of downtown Tokyo. Two different organizations operate the subway network: The Metropolitan Government and private carriers operate bus routes and one tram route. Local, regional, and national services are available, with major terminals at the giant railroad stations, including Tokyo , Shinagawa , and Shinjuku.
In order to build them quickly before the Summer Olympics , most were constructed above existing roads. Also, long-distance ferries serve the islands of Tokyo and carry passengers and cargo to domestic and foreign ports. Tokyo has many universities, junior colleges, and vocational schools.
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There is only one non-national public university: There are also a few universities well known for classes conducted in English and for the teaching of the Japanese language. Tokyo is also the headquarters of the United Nations University. For an extensive list, see List of universities in Tokyo. Publicly run kindergartens, elementary schools years 1 through 6 , and Primary schools 7 through 9 are operated by local wards or municipal offices. Tokyo also has many private schools from kindergarten through high school:.
Tokyo has many museums. Tokyo has many theatres for performing arts. These include national and private theatres for traditional forms of Japanese drama. Tokyo also hosts modern Japanese and international pop, and rock music at venues ranging in size from intimate clubs to internationally known areas such as the Nippon Budokan.
Many different festivals occur throughout Tokyo. The last features a parade with elaborately decorated floats and thousands of people. Annually on the last Saturday of July, an enormous fireworks display over the Sumida River attracts over a million viewers.
Once cherry blossoms bloom in spring, many residents gather in Ueno Park, Inokashira Park , and the Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden for picnics under the blossoms. Harajuku , a neighbourhood in Shibuya , is known internationally for its youth style, fashion [] and cosplay. Cuisine in Tokyo is internationally acclaimed. In November , Michelin released their first guide for fine dining in Tokyo, awarding stars in total, or about twice as many as Tokyo's nearest competitor, Paris. As of , restaurants in Tokyo have been awarded 92 in Paris. Twelve establishments were awarded the maximum of three stars Paris has 10 , 54 received two stars, and earned one star.
Football clubs in Tokyo include F. The National Stadium, also known as the Olympic Stadium , was host to a number of international sporting events. In , it was to be replaced by the New National Stadium. With a number of world-class sports venues, Tokyo often hosts national and international sporting events such as basketball tournaments, women's volleyball tournaments, tennis tournaments, swim meets, marathons, rugby union and sevens rugby games, football, American football exhibition games, judo, and karate.
Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium , in Sendagaya, Shibuya, is a large sports complex that includes swimming pools, training rooms, and a large indoor arena. According to Around the Rings, the gymnasium has played host to the October artistic gymnastics world championships, despite the International Gymnastics Federation's initial doubt in Tokyo's ability to host the championships following the March 11 tsunami.
As the largest population center in Japan and the site of the country's largest broadcasters and studios, Tokyo is frequently the setting for many Japanese movies , television shows, animated series anime , web comics , light novels , video games, and comic books manga. In the kaiju monster movie genre, landmarks of Tokyo are usually destroyed by giant monsters such as Godzilla and Gamera.
Some Hollywood directors have turned to Tokyo as a backdrop for movies set in Japan. Japanese author Haruki Murakami has based some of his novels in Tokyo including Norwegian Wood , and David Mitchell 's first two novels number9dream and Ghostwritten featured the city. Contemporary British painter Carl Randall spent 10 years living in Tokyo as an artist, creating a body of work depicting the city's crowded streets and public spaces. As of [update] , Tokyo has twinning or friendship agreements with the following twelve cities and states: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the Japanese prefecture and its city. For other uses, see Tokyo disambiguation. Nominal; [5] [6] [7]. History of Tokyo and Timeline of Tokyo. Tokyo City and Tokyo Prefecture. The Tokyo Tower , built in Tokyo Metropolitan Government and List of mergers in Tokyo. Transportation in Greater Tokyo. Sports in Tokyo and Football in Tokyo. List of twin towns and sister cities in Japan. Tokyo portal Japan portal Geography portal. Largest cities in Asia List of cities proper by population List of cities with the most skyscrapers List of tallest structures in Tokyo List of development projects in Tokyo List of metropolitan areas in Asia List of most expensive cities for expatriate employees List of urban areas by population Megacity Tokyo dialect World's largest cities Yamanote and Shitamachi.
Archived from the original on September 11, Retrieved September 17, Archived April 19, , at the Wayback Machine. Shinjuku is the location of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Office. But Tokyo is not a "municipality". Therefore, for the sake of convenience, the notation of prefectural is "Tokyo".
Archived from the original on October 2, Retrieved October 22, Archived from the original on March 16, Retrieved June 15, Because Tokyo was built to stabilize East and North. Archived from the original on August 11, Retrieved August 5, Retrieved July 22, Retrieved October 29, Retrieved September 1, First, look at the pricing.
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