Wild Horses

Assateague's Wild Horses

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Undomesticated four-footed mammal from the equine family. Evolution of the horse. Feral horse and feral.

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International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 18 January Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference 3rd ed. Johns Hopkins University Press. Scientific American Blog Network. Boyd, Lee and Katherine A. Morphology, Habitat and Taxonomy. The History and Biology of an Endangered Species. Albany, New YorkColin P.

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State University of New York Press. Genetic relationships between domestic and wild horses". Bowling ; Anatoly Ruvinsky.

The Genetics of the Horse. Meadow and Hans-Peter Uerpmann, eds. Black Hills Wild Horse Sanctuary. Mammal Species of the World. Archived from the original on Journal of Molecular Evolution. Journal of Archaeological Science. Wayne; Hans Ellegren Heck 16 April Differences between Equus caballus and Equus przewalskii ". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Opinion Case ". Somewhere in the foothills the takhi were grazing.

Wild Horses Lyrics

This article is a selection from the December issue of Smithsonian magazine. As the conservationist J. Herder families breed and race horses, and consider them kin. Take this however you want, but Genghis Khan would not have been Genghis Khan without the everyday Mongolian horse: To see dozens of horses and their riders crest a distant hill and come galloping down through a pasture is to see an ancient bond in motion.

Takhi, on the other hand, are as elusive as the common horse is visible. That afternoon at Hustai, we loaded into a park vehicle and went searching for them, following the rocky roads deep into the preserve. No horses appeared, but fat-bottomed marmots darted everywhere in the low grasses and disappeared into their burrows. Usku mentioned three species of eagle that lived in the park, and pointed out a falcon hunting grasshoppers from atop a utility wire.

A long-tailed ground squirrel scampered across the road. The windows were down, the wind warm; the fields were full of shrieking crickets. Dash stopped at an object that one rarely sees in the middle of nowhere: To the naked eye the hills seemed occupied with nothing but rocks and stands of trees, some of the stones so beautifully formed they almost appeared arranged. Usku set up a tripod and scope.

Wild Horses (The Rolling Stones song)

The first written references to takhi appeared in the year , when a Tibetan monk named Bodowa mentioned the horses in his writings. Later, Genghis Khan reportedly spotted the horses during his conquests. In the 15th century, the German writer Johann Schiltberger, who happened to see the horse in Mongolia while a prisoner of the Turks, wrote about the takhi in his journal.

And in a takhi was said to have been presented to the emperor of Manchuria. The remains were examined in St.

Exploiting a loophole

They seemed to keep to the saline steppes and were able to survive a long time without water. All the hunters could get were the foals, most of which died soon after capture. At the time, a successful German animal merchant named Carl Hagenbeck was busy collecting every kind of live creature he could find. The son of an exotic-animal hobbyist, he had met his obsession at age 14, when his father supposedly gave him a menagerie that included a polar bear and some seals. Country by country, Hagenbeck captured animals. Not surprisingly, he would die of complications of a snake bite. Hagenbeck, by his own count, took at least 52 foals.

Expeditions to catch the takhi lasted for about 20 years. When capturing the foals, hunters often killed the stallions, which then jeopardized natural breeding. Nine of them reproduced. But by the s, the breeding population had fallen to In , a German zoologist assembled a studbook, which was subsequently maintained by the Prague Zoo. Conservation groups began organizing to save the subspecies and, by , there were horses living in 32 zoos and private parks.

In the meantime, deadly winters killed thousands of horses, and overgrazed pastures left others starved. Then, as far as anyone could tell, the creature ceased to exist in the wild.

Mongolians who were born and reared in the s and s knew the takhi only through stories and pictures. It took another 20 years for conservation and breeding programs to become effective and for the horse to show signs that it might survive. By , the population had reached nearly a thousand, with P-horses living in over institutions in 33 countries on four continents—enough to try reintroducing the takhi to the wild.

The s was a good time to reintroduce the horse to its natural habitat, as Mongolia transitioned to democracy.

Alerts In Effect

Shifting politics had allowed for projects that would not have been possible under socialism, my guide, Gereltuv Dashdoorov, a co-founder of Mongolia Quest, a natural and cultural heritage company, had told me during the drive to Hustai. A Swiss behavioral ecologist who specializes in equines, Feh became obsessed with wild horses at age 19, after seeing the 17,year-old cave paintings of Lascaux, France.

When she first saw a takhi, it was in a zoo.

The horses are steppe animals. They need open spaces. Feh has spent over 20 years trying to reverse the extinction trajectory of the takhi. In , she relocated 11 zoo-born horses to France, and began breeding them.

About ten years later, she reintroduced the takhi in family groups to Khomintal, near Khar Us Nuur National Park, a six-hour drive from the nearest decent airport. When her first horses were flown there, Feh and her team rode with them in the cargo hold, feeding them apples and hay and telling them stories to keep them calm. The plane landed directly on the dirt, on a landing strip marked by small red flags fluttering in the wind. A crowd had gathered, some having ridden their own horses for hundreds of miles to see the takhi again or for the first time.

A park ranger named Sanjmyatav Tsendeekhuu once saw a similar release at Hustai.

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