The Shroud

New study suggests Shroud of Turin a fake, supporting study retracted

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There are a lot of things that we would like to do in a second round of testing. One, of course, is to also date the cloth! All these things in the long run will help us establish that it is not a forgery. If we keep doing all these tests and we don't prove that it is dis-authentic Because clearly the scientific data will not be inconsistent with in fact this being Christ's burial shroud.

That's the best that science can ever say! A Well we disagree!

Apparently, you see, the spectroscopy was done, the ultraviolet and the infrared spectroscopy, which was done on the whole cloth not just looking at a sample from it. I'm not in agreement with that and he has never answered that point. In fact, we have shown why we think our data is different from his. We have shown why we think his interpretations are not correct. He has never done us the courtesy of doing the same. He has not shown why our measurements would be in error - he just says we did it wrong Full length negatives of the Shroud of Turin.

PJS If the carbon dating process shows the cloth to be relatively recent, where do we go from there? A Well then clearly it is not Christ's cloth! And then maybe people will let us preform the kind of tests we can do to find out what it is really all about. You see, the fact that it might be a real religious artifact means we have been very limited in the amount of study time and the things we have been able to do.

We'd like to find out what is it and how did it happen. Because that will remain a scientific problem no matter whose cloth it is…It is very interesting! Alan Adler who passed on June 10th, His introduction to it came from the late Dr. John Heller who asked him, as a physical chemist and specialist in porphyrins, to help him study the sticky tape samples of the Shroud image that the STURP team had brought back with them from Turin. Walter McCrone having dismissed the Shroud's image as just artist's pigment.

When Heller first told him that the sticky tapes were from the Shroud of Turin, Adler's reported response was 'The what of where?

Shroud of Turin

The cause of his death was a cerebral hemorrhage. No other single figure on the Shroud scene had Alan's huge grasp of the scientific complexities of the subject. The full ramifications of his loss have yet to be realized.

Shield is a retired archaeologist. He has during that time lived and worked in 25 countries Your quite correct — though since Alan Rogers discovery that the carbon dating was incorrect the mystery continues! And will continue until the Vatican allows full scientific investigation. According to wikipedia the carbon dating in three different tests all showed the same date and that the rag is not so old. And they are correct.

The Shroud

What my colleague told you in a previous article is also correct — it is believed that they dated a piece of repair cotton instead of an actual piece of the Shroud Linen. Register to become part of our active community, get updates, receive a monthly newsletter, and enjoy the benefits and rewards of our member point system OR just post your comment below as a Guest. By bringing together top experts and authors, this archaeology website explores lost civilizations, examines sacred writings, tours ancient places, investigates ancient discoveries and questions mysterious happenings.

Our open community is dedicated to digging into the origins of our species on planet earth, and question wherever the discoveries might take us. We seek to retell the story of our beginnings. Skip to main content. This was to be the first extensive scientific examination of the shroud and remains to this date the most extensive study of the shroud ever undertaken.

Public Domain On their return to the USA I was privileged to conduct a series of investigative interviews with a number of the team members.

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It is reported in several news outlets that another test has been conducted on the controversial Shroud of Turn which indicates that it is most likely a forgery. This shroud is believed by many to be Curators at the National Museum of Scotland have made an exceptional discovery inside a World War II service envelope with a hand-written note. The writing distinguishes the contents, a remarkably Thirteen cannabis plants were found covering the body of a man who was buried in Turpan, China, around 2, years ago. This is the first time archaeologists have discovered a quantity of well According to the Catholic Stations of the Cross, there was once a woman who wiped the sweat and blood from the face of Jesus Christ with a cloth as he endured the torturous walk carrying his own Believed by many to be the burial cloth of Jesus of Nazareth, but held only as a religious article of historical significance by skeptics, the Shroud of Turin has captivated scholars and scientists A rare and exquisite funeral shroud dating back 2, years to the ancient Paracas culture of Peru, has finally returned home after being returned from Sweden, according to a BBC report.

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And none knows - neither Greek nor Frank - what became of that shroud when the city was taken. Thus the original French could equally well be translated as the cloth was raised upright. De Clari's matter of fact delivery does not suggest that he witnessed anything out of the ordinary.

However, the historians Madden and Queller describe this part of Robert's account as a mistake: Robert had actually seen or heard of the sudarium , the handkerchief of Saint Veronica which also purportedly contained the image of Jesus , and confused it with the grave cloth sindon. From the document, dated 1 August in Rome: We know that the sacred objects are preserved by their predators in Venice, in France, and in other places, the sacred linen in Athens. Unless it is the Shroud of Turin, then the location of the Image of Edessa since the 13th century is unknown but may well have been among the relics sold to Louis IX and housed in the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris until lost in the French Revolution.

Some authors suggest that the shroud was captured by the knight Otto de la Roche who became Duke of Athens , sometimes adding that he soon relinquished it to the Knights Templar. It was subsequently taken to France, where the first known keeper of the Turin Shroud had links both to the Templars as well the descendants of Otto. Some speculate that the shroud could have been a major part of the famed "Templar treasure" that treasure hunters still seek today. The association with the Templars seems to be based on a coincidence of family names; the Templars were a celibate order and so unlikely to have children after entering the Order.

The fullest academic account of the history of the Shroud since its first appearance in is John Beldon-Scott, Architecture for the Shroud: This study is indispensable for its many illustrations that show features of the Shroud images now lost. The 14th century attribution of the origin of the shroud refers to a shroud in Lirey, France dating to It is related that the widow of the French knight Geoffroi de Charny had it displayed in a church at Lirey, France diocese of Troyes.

According to the Catholic Encyclopedia:. On 20 June , Geoffroy de Charny, Lord of Savoisy and Lirey, founded at Lirey in honour of the Annunciation a collegiate church with six canonries, and in this church he exposed for veneration the Holy Winding Sheet. Opposition arose on the part of the Bishop of Troyes, who declared after due inquiry that the relic was nothing but a painting, and opposed its exposition.

Clement VI by four Bulls, 6 Jan. Margaret, widow of Humbert, never returned it but gave it in to the Duke of Savoy. The requests of the canons of Lirey were unavailing, and the Lirey Winding Sheet is the same that is now exposed and honoured at Turin. In the Museum Cluny in Paris, the coats of arms of this knight and his widow can be seen on a pilgrim medallion, which also shows an image of the Shroud of Turin. During the fourteenth century, the shroud was often publicly exposed, though not continuously, because the bishop of Troyes , Henri de Poitiers , had prohibited veneration of the image.

Thirty-two years after this pronouncement, the image was displayed again, and King Charles VI of France ordered its removal to Troyes, citing the impropriety of the image. The sheriffs were unable to carry out the order.

The Shroud

In , the image was denounced as a fraud by Bishop Pierre D'Arcis in a letter to the Avignon Antipope Clement VII , mentioning that the image had previously been denounced by his predecessor Henri de Poitiers, who had been concerned that no such image was mentioned in scripture. Bishop D'Arcis continued, "Eventually, after diligent inquiry and examination, he discovered how the said cloth had been cunningly painted, the truth being attested by the artist who had painted it, to wit, that it was a work of human skill and not miraculously wrought or bestowed.

The letter of Bishop D'Arcis also mentions Bishop Henri's attempt to suppress veneration but notes that the cloth was quickly hidden "for 35 years or so", thus agreeing with the historical details already established above. The letter provides an accurate description of the cloth: Despite the pronouncement of Bishop D'Arcis, Antipope Clement VII first antipope of the Western Schism did not revoke the permission given earlier to the church of Lirey to display the object, [35] but instructed its clergy that it should not be treated as a relic [36] and should not be presented to the public as the actual shroud of Christ, but as an image or representation of it.

In , Humbert of Villersexel, Count de la Roche, Lord of Saint-Hippolyte-sur-Doubs, moved the shroud to his castle at Montfort, Doubs , to provide protection against criminal bands, after he married Charny's granddaughter Margaret. It was later moved to Saint-Hippolyte-sur-Doubs. The widow sold the shroud in exchange for a castle in Varambon, France in In , Anne's husband, Louis, Duke of Savoy agreed to pay an annual fee to the Lirey canons in exchange for their dropping claims of ownership of the cloth.

A description of the cloth by two sacristans of the Sainte-Chapelle from around this time noted that it was stored in a reliquary: John, there was one sheet covering Jesus's body, and a separate cloth covering his head. He then stated that "either St. John is a liar," or else anyone who promotes such a shroud is "convicted of falsehood and deceit". The history of the shroud from the middle of the 16th century is well recorded.

The existence of a miniature by Giulio Clovio , which gives a good representation of what was seen upon the shroud about the year , confirms that the shroud housed in Turin today is the same one as in the middle of the 16th century. Some have suggested that there was also water damage from the extinguishing of the fire. However, there is some evidence that the watermarks were made by condensation in the bottom of a burial jar in which the folded shroud may have been kept at some point.

In , the shroud arrived again at its current location in Turin. It was the property of the House of Savoy until , when it was given to the Holy See , the rule of the House of Savoy having ended in In , the Holy See agreed to a radiocarbon dating of the relic , for which a small piece from a corner of the shroud was removed, divided, and sent to laboratories.

More on the testing is seen below. Another fire, possibly caused by arson , threatened the shroud on 11 April , but fireman Mario Trematore was able to remove it from its heavily protected display case and prevent further damage. In , the Holy See had the shroud restored. The cloth backing and thirty patches were removed. This made it possible to photograph and scan the reverse side of the cloth, which had been hidden from view. Using sophisticated mathematical and optical techniques, a ghostly part-image of the body was found on the back of the shroud in Italian scientists had exposed the faint imprint of the face and hands of the figure.

Another exhibition is scheduled for Detailed comments on this operation were published by various Shroud researchers. She describes the operation and the reasons it was believed necessary. He rejects the reasons provided by Flury-Lemberg and describes in detail what he calls "a disaster for the scientific study of the relic". Dale proposed that the Shroud was an icon created for liturgical use, and suggested an 11th-century date based on art-historical grounds.

The man on the image is taller than the average first-century resident of Judaea and the right hand has longer fingers than the left, along with a significant increase of length in the right forearm compared to the left. Further evidence for the Shroud as an art object comes from what might be called the " Mercator projection " argument. The shroud in two dimensions presents a three-dimensional image projected onto a planar two-dimensional surface, just as in a photograph or painting.

This perspective is consistent with both painting and with image formation using a bas relief. Banding on the Shroud is background noise , which causes us to see the gaunt face, long nose, deep eyes, and straight hair. These features are caused by dark vertical and horizontal bands that go across the eyes. Using enhancement software Fast Fourier Transform filters , the effect of these bands can be minimized. The result is a more detailed image of the shroud. The burial posture of the shroud, with hands crossed over the pelvis, was used by Essenes 2nd century BCE to the 1st century CE , but was also found in a burial site under a medieval church with skeletons which were dated pre and post Roman.

In June , the British television station Channel 5, aired a documentary that claimed the shroud was forged by Leonardo da Vinci. Recently a study stated that the shroud of Turin had been faked by Leonardo da Vinci. In an article published by History Today in November , British scholar Charles Freeman analyses early depictions and descriptions of the Shroud and argues that the iconography of the bloodstains and all-over scourge marks are not known before and the Shroud was a painted linen at that date, with the paint having disintegrated leaving a discoloured linen image underneath.

He also argues that the dimensions and format of the weave are typical of a medieval treadle loom. As it was unlikely that a forger would have deceived anyone with a single cloth with images on it, Freeman seeks an alternative function. He goes on to argue that the Shroud was a medieval prop used in Easter ritual plays depicting the resurrection of Christ.

He believes it was used in a ceremony called the ' Quem Quaeritis? As such it was deservedly an object of veneration from the fourteenth century as it is still is today. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Conservation of the Shroud of Turin. Abstract Archived at the Wayback Machine. Q-Z by Geoffrey W.

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