O Serão dos Miseráveis (Portuguese Edition)

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Bangladesh — agreement with European clothing brands.

Follow-up question concerning nefarious practices at Ryanair. Nefarious practices by Ryanair affecting aviation safety. Investigation of exports of European wine to China. Chinese threat to impose restrictions on European wines. China's announcement of restrictions on imports of European wine. Anti-dumping investigation by China regarding exports of European wines. Extension of Romania's reverse charge mechanism for cereals. Reverse charge mechanism for cereal crops in Romania. Threats by India in relation to its refusal to pay carbon tax. Hygiene questions concerning olive oil containers in food establishments.

Consumer protection in relation to olive oil in catering establishments. Contact with lobbyists since the publication of the Implementing Regulation on marketing standards for olive oil. Comments on the amendment to the Implementing Regulation on marketing standards for olive oil. Amendment to the Implementing Regulation on marketing standards for olive oil. Disclosure of the meeting of the Management Committee that voted on the amendment to the Implementing Regulation on marketing standards for olive oil.

Withdrawal of amending Regulation on the protection of olive oil. Food fraud and adulteration in the olive oil sector. Commission decision on the use of olive oil jugs in restaurants. Block on European Investment Bank funding for small and medium-sized enterprises in Portugal. Impact on the canned tuna sector of the EU-Thailand free trade agreement. Multinational list for European elections. Concern over Bulgaria, Italy and Romania. Turkey — Scandalous use of excessive force by police in Istanbul.

Turkish protesters arrested by the Government for using social networks. Use of violence by Turkish police towards foreign journalists. Systematic use of tear gas by Turkish police. Stassen to the Commission. Turkey threatens to deploy army against demonstrators. Fines for critical TV stations in Turkey. Use of chemicals in water for water cannon in Turkey. European framework agreement on health and safety in hairdressing sector. EU-Mauritania fisheries partnership agreement rejected by Parliament. EU monitoring of human rights in Western Sahara. Wasting of European funds in Andalusia.

Objectives of Greek stabilisation programme. IMF admits mistakes concerning austerity measures in Greece. IMF report damning on the Commission's management of Greek debt. Abolition of public radio and television in Greece. Greek State radio and TV pulled off the air. Greece shuts down its state broadcasting company. Role of public television and radio services in the EU.

Fitting audible alarms to child restraint systems in motor vehicles. Raising the de minimis aid threshold. Commissioner Rehn's statement on Franco-German proposals for the euro area. Second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. Retroactive application of anti-dumping measures to imports of preserved mandarin oranges from the People's Republic of China. Homogenising EU directives on product placement in audiovisual works.

Investigations into the America's Cup and EU funding. Commission's involvement in the closing of the Greek national broadcaster ERT. Implementation of the structural and cohesion funds. European programme to protect informants. Responsibility of legal persons in fraud cases. Roadmap for judicial and police cooperation.

EU charter for victims of human trafficking. Comparative study of special investigative techniques. Delegated acts under the regulation concerning harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products. Medical card entitlements for those aged over Dangers of ionising radiation and transposition of EU legislation in Italy.

Damage to European citizens arising from the relocation of telephone companies. Handling personal data of European passengers on flights to Russia. New attack on Italian products: Violation of European citizens' right to privacy and personal data protection. Stopping speculation on agricultural products. Suspension of Greek State TV broadcasting. Liberalisation of cross-border passenger transport by rail. Statistics on the situation of children and women with disabilities in relation to violence. Coordinating holidays in the Member States. Services of general economic interest in island areas.

The recovery and resolution directive: Unnecessarily violent tactics being employed by the Turkish Government in response to protests.

Editorial Reviews

Preventing the destabilisation of Libyan democracy. Ri landfill in Casale sul Sile, Treviso. Possible conflict between the Renewable Energy Directive and the principle of free movement of goods. The Chinese threat to Portuguese wine exports. EU investigation into alleged manipulation of oil prices. Ban on bisphenol A in contact with food.

Spillover in Turkey from Syrian conflict. Arctic Council permanent observer status. Implications of Swiss trade agreements with third countries. US lobbying the Commission to inspect personal data. Including disabled students in evaluation of the education system. Equitalia and debt collection companies: Italian households and individuals reduced to poverty. Debt unblocking decree favours local administrations in southern Italy.

Ketamine, a narcotic medication: Measures to encourage the reuse of waste oil. Resistance to some antimicrobials in Salmonella and Campylobacter in Europe. Slowdown in agricultural production growth rate. Impact of the flooding in Central Europe on agriculture. Regulating the use of the product Rotenone in agriculture. Regulating the use of copper-based products in agriculture. Website to help disabled persons understand their rights. Spanish law on protection and use of the shoreline and amending the Coasts Act: Civil society monitoring committees under the Association Agreement with Central America.

Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership issues. EU-wide ban on genetically modified animals. Slaughter of animals in Cyprus under illegal conditions. Use of waste packaging for heating in schools. Commission funding of projects in Mozambique. United States' direct access to Google, Facebook and Apple users' data. David Cameron demands that Google remove child pornography from the Internet. The Troika's forecasts at the start of the Portuguese programme compared with the reality in Floating rubbish patch in the western Pacific.

Number of people with disabilities working at the European institutions. European Patent Organisation and the Biotechnology Directive. Information on the deployment of the European Gendarmerie Force, Eurogendfor. Difficulties in EU-China trade relations. Central Europe's worst flooding in over a decade. Germany's vocational-education systems in other Member States.

Slowest growth rate in Poland since in the first quarter of Two-year ban on three neonicotinoid-based pesticides. Las directrices en materia de responsabilidad social de las empresas exigen que exista un control permanente de la salud, de la seguridad y de las condiciones de trabajo de los empleados de las cadenas de suministro de las empresas. The collapsed factory was owned by a Spanish entrepreneur who is being hunted down. Bangladesh is the second largest exporter in the world in the textile sector, because of its very low labour costs.

This accident is a clear consequence of the conditions in which the textiles are produced, which are then sold by European companies. Specifically, a Spanish entrepreneur is apparently co-owner of the wrecked building, and he cannot be located. That resolution, which was prompted by an accident that cost the lives of people, represents an advance in pointing out the responsibilities of European businesses that subcontract to companies in Bangladesh in order to maximise their profits, in full awareness of the adverse social and employment effects.

These European companies sell their products and make their profits in the internal market with the semblance of complete normality, despite knowing that they are criminals, responsible for huge numbers of deaths. In various answers given by the Commission to previous questions, it restricts itself to stressing that corporate social responsibility is a voluntary mechanism that businesses may choose to comply with. In view of this, will the Commission initiate an investigation into European textile companies that subcontract to factories in Bangladesh?

Does it intend to legislate to provide itself with binding legal instruments for the effective control of working conditions in subcontractors in non-EU countries with which European companies deal? Local media reported large cracks appearing in the building days before, and Bangladeshi Home Minister Muhiuddin Khan Alamgir has claimed that the building violated construction codes. The Rana Plaza complex building housed factories that produced clothes for well-known European high-street retail chains. The high-profile news reporting of dangerous labour conditions for Bangladeshi workers over the past few months has not escaped the notice of EU companies operating in that country.

And yet the supply chains of major European companies have clearly not been checked and investigated with enough rigour to reveal the serious safety issues which have led to this tragic accident. Given the above, will the Commission commit to developing its action plan on corporate social responsibility in order to include substantial provisions relating to European companies operating outside the EU? Can the Commission give details of how it intends to strengthen its proposals to encourage greater and wider CSR among European companies, which will lead to proper checks on supply chains and an assessment of health, safety and labour conditions as regards workers manufacturing products on behalf of EU retailers?

Will the Commission make a statement on the social obligations that European companies have with regard to developing and maintaining health, safety and labour standards in terms not merely of meeting legal criteria, but as far as possible of addressing problem areas to ensure the safety and security of their own workforces and workers in their supply chains?

Concerning relationships with other countries and regions, it has incorporated reference to CSR in certain trade agreements and is working increasingly with the private sector in development cooperation. Following international CSR guidelines means that indirect support is continuously given to checks of health, safety and labour conditions in companies' supply chains. The Commission regularly publicly endorses these approaches, and publicly presents its own initiatives in these areas.

The EU supports the implementation of tripartite agreements in Bangladesh under the ILO's auspices, including preventing further tragedies through a change in legislation; structural and fire safety of all export oriented garment factories; and the implementation and extension of the National Tripartite Plan of Action on fire safety. Lietuvos Respublikos toliau — LR Vilniaus regiono aplinkos apsaugos departamentas m. The adopted Final Conclusion indicates that an environmental impact assessment hereinafter EIA is not compulsory for planned economic activities hereinafter PEA.

This would cause great danger and real pollution in Vilnius, which is spread out in a valley downwind from the pollution source and is densely populated. This threatens the city with bacteriological, virusological, chemical and other dangerous anthropological pollution. Nevertheless the information available through other sources shows that there could be some issues requiring clarification and that some EU funding might be involved.

Therefore the Commission will seek clarification from Lithuanian authorities on the two projects. The City of Prague has, despite best efforts at ministerial and governmental level, failed to comply with these standards. Furthermore, it has not even begun construction. It has, despite best efforts at the ministerial and governmental level, failed to comply with these standards. Indeed, it has not even begun construction. Al tempo stesso, alcuni governi europei, Francia e Regno Unito in primis, chiedono di rivedere anche l'embargo sulle armi, in quanto favorevoli all'idea di dare assistenza militare all'opposizione, mentre altri Stati non intendono contribuire a un'ulteriore militarizzazione del conflitto.

Numerosi sono gli appelli lanciati dal Comitato Internazionale della Croce Rossa, dalla Croce Rossa Italiana e dalla Mezzaluna Rossa Siriana per porre fine alle sofferenze causate alla popolazione civile. Quali misure possono essere messe in campo per richiamare le parti in conflitto al rispetto dei soccorritori e del diritto internazionale umanitario, al fine di permettere ai volontari l'accesso a tutte le zone e la creazione di corridoi umanitari?

Si chiede all'Alto Rappresentante di rispondere ai requisiti di seguito riportati. Risposta congiunta di Catherine Ashton a nome della Commissione. La Commissione sta prestando assistenza sempre maggiore alla popolazione siriana.

Questi fondi sono stati distribuiti prevalentemente tramite diverse agenzie delle Nazioni Unite, la Croce Rossa e la Mezzaluna Rossa e le organizzazioni non governative ONG partner. La Commissione sostiene una proposta di risoluzione del Consiglio di sicurezza delle Nazioni Unite UNSC che invita al rispetto della sicurezza degli operatori umanitari, attraverso un libero accesso a tutte le aree del paese, e al rispetto del diritto umanitario internazionale. L'idea dei corridoi umanitari, che richiederebbero molto probabilmente protezione militare, potrebbe sembrare allettante.

At the same time, some European governments, primarily France and the UK, are calling for the arms embargo to be reviewed too, as they are in favour of giving the opposition military assistance, while other Member States want no part in the further militarisation of the conflict. What further action will it take to protect volunteers on the ground, given that yet another volunteer from the Syrian Arab Red Crescent has been killed recently, bringing the total number of volunteers killed since the start of the conflict to 18?

What action can be taken to call on the warring parties to respect emergency aid workers and international humanitarian law, in order to allow volunteers access to all areas and the creation of humanitarian corridors? What further action will she take to protect volunteers on the ground, given that yet another volunteer from the Syrian Arab Red Crescent has been killed recently, bringing the total number of volunteers killed since the start of the conflict to 18?

The Commission is regularly scaling up its assistance to the Syrian people. The EU repeatedly reiterate its call on all parties to the conflict to ensure the neutrality of humanitarian aid and to respect their obligations to protect civilians; to ensure, in particular, the protection of medical personnel and facilities. The Commission supports a proposal for a UNSC resolution calling for respect of the safety of humanitarian workers, allowing unimpeded humanitarian access to all areas of Syria and calling for respect of the International Humanitarian Law.

The Commission urges the regime to allow for cross-border and cross-lines assistance to ensure the access of the humanitarian assistance to the whole Syrian territory. The idea of humanitarian corridors is intuitively attractive. Such corridors would most likely require military protection. The Commission privileges the advocacy for respect of international humanitarian law and continuous negotiations will all parties to render humanitarian access possible. Selon la Commission, quelle que soit la solution, celle-ci devrait respecter les principes suivants: Partenariato transatlantico sul commercio e gli investimenti tra l'Unione europea e gli Stati Uniti d'America.

Il mandato del Commissario Karel de Gucht, per un nuovo accordo di libero scambio tra l'Unione europea e gli Stati Uniti d'America non comprende alcuna esenzione o esclusione specifica dei prodotti e servizi audiovisivi. Un accordo di libero scambio che disciplini il libero commercio di prodotti e di servizi audiovisivi tra l'UE e gli USA creerebbe un conflitto con la vigente legislazione europea e nazionale, che contiene una serie di misure per promuovere le industrie cinematografiche nazionali ed europee.

Oggi ci sono leggi che impongono quote di trasmissione per le opere europee e i canali televisivi nazionali, e di fornire sostegno economico alle industrie cinematografiche locali ed europee. I prodotti e servizi audiovisivi sono effettivamente compresi nell'Accordo di libero scambio per il quale il Commissario De Gucht ha ricevuto il mandato a negoziare? In caso affermativo che cosa intende fare la Commissione per proteggere l'industria cinematografica europea ed evitare una situazione in cui il mercato audiovisivo in Europea debba abbassare i propri standard per rispecchiare quelli che si applicano nel mercato nord americano?

Risposta congiunta di Karel De Gucht a nome della Commissione. Il progetto delle direttive di negoziato dell'accordo transatlantico in materia di scambi commerciali ed investimenti Transatlantic Trade and Investment Agreement rispetta pienamente tale politica. In tale contesto la Commissione e il Consiglio stanno discutendo del modo per garantire, nell'ambito delle direttive di negoziato, il giusto equilibrio tra la delicatezza del settore audiovisivo da un lato e il perseguimento di negoziati ampi e ambiziosi dall'altro.

Secondo la Commissione la soluzione elaborata dovrebbe rispettare i seguenti principi: In June, the European Union will enter into negotiations to conclude a free trade agreement with the United States. This agreement aims to revive economic growth for the European Union, which is said to be ready to open up the audiovisual and cinema sector to competition with a view to obtaining similar agreements in other areas.

The audiovisual sector in Europe is subsidised by aid in each Member State to encourage the production of films and other audiovisual material and to promote the distinctive features of each culture. Does the Commission really intend to include the audiovisual and cinema system in the negotiating mandate?

Should the cultural exception of EU Member States not be preserved? Could Member States retain their subsidy and quota mechanisms so as to preserve the distinctive characteristics of European cinema? European cinema has a key role to play as a means of mutual understanding between peoples and contributes to strengthening European identity by promoting European cultural diversity,.

The cultural industry plays a crucial economic and commercial role and, according to the Commission, accounts for 4. Will it undertake not to include the audiovisual sector in the free trade talks with the US? Can Member States continue to support these areas through quotas and subsidies in order to continue to protect their own cultural diversity and promote local productions? Does the Commission intend to follow this advice to safeguard the future of European film and audiovisual industries, particularly in the new digital environment?

Today there are laws imposing broadcasting quotas for European works and national TV channels, and providing economic support to local and European film industries. The abrogation of these laws would inflict a deadly blow on European audiovisual production, considering that, without protection and financial aid, it cannot compete with the large-scale audiovisual industries in the USA and elsewhere. As movies and audiovisual products are an integral part and an important expression of the cultures that generate them, we must point out that European audiovisual productions have a key role in protecting and promoting the culture, identity and traditions of Member States.

They also contribute to the European integration process, promoting a deeper knowledge of the specific characteristics of each Member State among the people of Europe. Are audiovisual products and services really included in the FTA for which Commissioner De Gucht received a mandate to negotiate? If so, what does the Commission plan to do to protect the European film industry and to avoid a situation in which the audiovisual market in Europe has to lower its standards to mirror those that apply in the North American market?

What is its view of the position of the aforementioned countries, in view of the specific status of audiovisual works? The appeal concerns future transatlantic negotiations which will aim to create one of the largest free trade zones in the world. Several EU Member States agree that this sector should be protected and excluded from these negotiations.

Against this background, the Commission and Council are currently discussing ways of how to reflect in the negotiating directives the right balance between, on the one hand, the sensitivity of the audiovisual sector and, on the other hand, the objective of broad and ambitious negotiations.

In the view of the Commission, any solution found should respect the following: Hvilke sproglige krav er der til brugsanvisninger for medicinsk udstyr til patienter — i de forskellige medlemsstater? Hvilke sproglige krav er der til brugsanvisninger for medicinsk udstyr til sundhedspersonale — i de forskellige medlemsstater? EU legislation on medical devices has so far been marked by great differences between how Member States have implemented that legislation and between the requirements which exist in individual Member States.

One of the ways in which these requirements differ is in relation to translation. Some countries believe it to be acceptable for instructions to be written in English alone, while others require that these be translated into the native language s. The same principle applies for the labels that either go outside or inside the packaging of medical devices or on the device itself.

What language requirements are applicable to instructions for medical devices for patients in each Member State? What language requirements are applicable to instructions for medical devices for healthcare practitioners in each Member State? What language requirements are applicable to the labelling of medical devices in each Member State?

Also, are there differences between the requirements for labelling which appears inside the packaging and that which appears outside? If so, what are they? EU medical devices legislation is marked by differences between the requirements that exist in individual Member States and in how each Member State implements the legislation. What are the rules governing the translation of software for use with, or forming part of, medical devices in each Member State? The abovementioned provision refers to both the information appearing in the instructions for use and on the label. No differences exist as regards the language requirements between the labelling information appearing inside the packaging and the one visible on the outer package of the device.

The same rules as to the language requirements apply to standalone software which is a medical device as such, as well as to software for use with, or forming part of, medical devices. They clarify the obligation for manufacturers to ensure that the information to be supplied on the label or in the instructions for use shall be provided in an official Union language and shall be easily understood by the intended user or patient. In recent years, turnout in the different types of elections, including European elections, has become a challenge for European democracies.

Therefore, encouraging the participation of EU citizens in democratic life is a high priority for the Commission. Plan de choque contra el desempleo juvenil. In other words, it increases one fundamental macroeconomic imbalance — that of unemployment — under the false pretext of reducing others.

Does the Council continue to believe that the Spanish labour market should be made even more flexible? Does it not believe that labour reform has already shown that this is not the right way to go? Will it give priority to recommendations for creating jobs, better social protection and combating poverty? Will the Council continue to support unfair austerity policies? The EPA shows that youth unemployment is now at On numerous occasions, both the President of the Commission and the President of the Council have shown their concern with regard to youth unemployment in southern Europe and in Spain in particular.

What concrete recommendations will the Council make with regard to the youth unemployment situation in Spain for the next European semester? Would the Council accept postponing by one year the deadline for meeting the deficit and debt targets in exchange for a one-year emergency plan for youth unemployment that will create half a million jobs for young people?

Bei den Parlamentswahlen vom Mai vereidigt wurde. Der Regierungsplattform zufolge werden die Beitrittsverhandlungen zwischen Island und der EU ausgesetzt und es wird eine Bilanz der Verhandlungen und der Entwicklungen innerhalb der EU gezogen, die dem Parlament unterbreitet wird. The Iceland Progress Report , which was recently debated in Parliament, notes the good progress made towards a possible EU accession.

The Independence Party won the aforementioned legislative elections in Iceland, defeating the coalition of the left, and it is likely that it will form a centre-right alliance with the Progressive Party. Have the recent elections in Iceland affected any ongoing negotiations regarding potential accession to the EU?

The platform also indicates that no further steps will be taken in the accession negotiations until after a national referendum. No timing has yet been indicated by the Icelandic Government as regards the assessment and the referendum. The Commission is committed to further pursue the privileged cooperation with Iceland in all areas of mutual interest through its traditional partnership within the framework of the European Economic Area Agreement, as well as through other ongoing cooperation frameworks.

Steigende Kosten durch Erkrankungen des Gehirns. Kosten psychischer Erkrankungen in der EU. Is the Commission aware of these costs related to brain disorders and mental health? If so, what strategies does it have to advise the Member States on reducing such costs? What programmes does the Commission intend to install to focus on preventive medicine? Please specify what budget lines are involved. Is the Commission aware of these costs related to mental health in Europe? If so, what strategies does the Commission have to advise the Member States on decreasing these costs?

What can and could be done at European level to help people lead healthier lifestyles in order to prevent many psychological disorders? In particular, it aimed at showcasing EU-supported achievements and outlining foresight research and policy, mobilising Member States and Associated Countries to better coordinate and optimise resources allocated to brain research and healthcare. These activities encourage investing resources into disease prevention and health promotion.

Rifiuti speciali pericolosi abbandonati in una discarica dismessa di Padernello di Paese TV , causa di contaminazione della sottostante falda acquifera. Ripristino ambientale a rischio di un impianto sequestrato, contenente rifiuti speciali pericolosi, ubicato tra Marcon VE e Mogliano Veneto TV. A oggi, risultano essere ancora stipate nel sito circa 5. La permanenza di tali rifiuti in un sito sostanzialmente abbandonato cagiona grande preoccupazione nella popolazione residente: Sulla base di quanto esposto, la Commissione non ritiene opportuno approfondire le ragioni per le quali la Regione Veneto ha stanziato un contributo ritenuto insufficiente a risolvere l'emergenza ambientale ed eliminare per sempre i rischi di contaminazione?

The landfill was originally classified as a landfill for inert waste. The whole affair has caused great concern and anger among the residents of Paese province of Treviso. The environmental association Paeseambiente, in particular, has submitted a complaint to the environmental unit of the Treviso military police. Does the Commission not think it should contact the local authorities in order to determine whether applicable EU legislation is being breached in the case in question?

In particular, will it not check that rules relating to the. It is a former waste treatment plant that was confiscated in following legal proceedings over illegal dumping, which involved the senior management of the company then running the plant. In particular, the report mentions that in a water risk area there are around drums of phosphorus pentasulphide, a substance that is extremely hazardous because it releases highly flammable gas on contact with water, and reclaimed soil from polluted sites covered in a perfunctory manner with plastic sheeting. The company that purchased the remaining branch of the company has only been doing the bare minimum to comply with the obligation to dispose of non-standard waste.

According to estimates, this amount is nowhere near enough for carrying out the work required to make the site safe. The presence of this waste on an essentially abandoned site is a cause for great concern for local residents: In view of the above, does the Commission not think that it should look in detail into why the Veneto regional authorities have set aside an inadequate sum to resolve the environmental emergency and to get rid of contamination risks once and for all? The Commission has no information on the disused landfill in Via Veccelli in the municipality of Padernello di Paese province of Treviso.

What steps is the Commission planning to take in relation to China? Will this issue be raised at the next EU-China summit? What action is the Commission planning to take in response to the fact that more countries have now imposed a boycott? Is the Commission planning to review its position towards the aviation industry in respect of the ETS? How is the Commission planning to protect the interests of European airlines against competition from other countries? The Commission is fully involved in the ICAO negotiations for a global agreement to achieve an appropriate contribution by the aviation sector to emission reductions and to ensure fair competition within the sector.

In this process the Commission also remains in dialog with the relevant EU's industry. What appeal procedures may the Polish authorities pursue against this decision, and what are the time limits for appeals? Are the documented errors exclusively the result of the national government's negligence, or are they also the result of negligence on the part of local regional governments or agricultural organisations?

Will Polish farmers have to assume the burden of the aforementioned fine? As the Commission points out, farmers who had no entitlement also received funds.

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If the fine is imposed, within what time frame will Poland be required to pay back the indicated amount? Will this case have consequences for the current funding of Polish agriculture under thecommon agricultural policy? If so, what will these consequences be? What additional audit requirements did Poland fail to fulfil? On what grounds does the Commission accuse Poland of approving business plans whichlacked ambition?

Has the Commission set out guidelines on how to distinguish, in anobjective manner, business plans that lack ambition from those that are sufficientlyambitious? The Polish Prime Minister, Donald Tusk, announced last week on a social networking site that the fine relates to aid granted between and In view of the above, can the Commission please indicate the period of occurrence of the instances of negligence giving rise to the repayment request.

All projects of the farmers date from the years and The payments for these projects have been made during five years. The weaknesses found by the Commission date back to the period. The business plans were not ambitious enough or there was no correct relation between the objectives fixed in the business plan and the necessary restructuring of the farm.

The errors resulted in approving projects which are not eligible for an EU financing. The payments made for such projects have to be refused from EU financing. The financial correction concerns payments made in the years Clearance of accounts decisions fix the amounts to be refused from EU financing. They do not determine if any amount has to be recovered from the beneficiaries. This is the task of the Member States. The amount of the financial correction will be recovered from Poland in the second half of Poland may challenge the Commission decision before the Court of Justice within two months of its notification.

The budget appropriations related to the amount refused from EU financing cannot be reused by the Member State for other projects. They are the highest-ranking representatives of the Church to be kidnapped by Syrian rebels over the course of the two-year war. What action has she taken to secure the release of Gregorios Ibrahim and Boulos Yazigi? Has there been any discussion of the situation of Christians in Syria and the kidnapping of the archbishops during the talks held with the Syrian National Council and its leader, George Sabra? How many cases involving the persecution of religious minorities in Syria is she aware of?

Searches underway in the wider Syria-Turkish border have yet to shed any light on the fate of the two Aleppo Bishops. The recent kidnapping of Greek Orthodox Bishop Paul and the Syro-Jacobite Bishop appears to have deeper ramifications and, possibly, hidden motivations in the wider Syrian area with the ultimate aim of eradicating Christianity. Moreover, it is no accident that, lately, Christians have been regularly attacked by Muslim extremists, in order, perhaps, to generalise the conflict between Christians and Muslims, with particularly negative consequences for the former, as their opponents outnumber them by more than double.

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If, however, this scenario can be proven, then it is an unbelievably dangerous development with incalculable consequences. What actions has the Commission taken or what actions does it intend to take to deal with this problem and free the two kidnapped Bishops in Syria? Is it in contact with the European embassies in the Middle East and the local governments as well as other Syrian agents for the coordination of efforts to rescue the two Bishops? The EU supports the work of the International Independent Commission of Inquiry, which in its recent report has documented numerous abuses of religious minorities in Syria.

Without a swift political settlement of the conflict, sectarian violence will continue. Keeping the political track alive is paramount for the European Union. According to recent reports, the Rana Plaza building that collapsed in Bangladesh housed companies which supplied clothing to European multinationals and which employed local labour at a very low cost. Does the Commission have any information regarding the relationship between European companies and those operating in the Rana Plaza building?

The outskirts of Dhaka have been transformed as factories have proliferated. Fines are so low that crime pays. It is estimated that people have been killed in factory collapses and fires in Bangladesh since In November last year, workers burned to death in a factory located in the Ashulia industrial zone. Are there any special mechanisms that can be activated such as imposing taxes or even bans to tackle imports produced in this way? What measures will the Commission take regarding companies that persistently profit from this situation?

Accidents at work are a common occurrence, especially in third countries. Often workers pay for inadequate safety measures with their life, as happened recently in Bangladesh. Following the collapse of the building on the outskirts of Dhaka and the death of thousands of uninsured workers, numerous multinationals in Europe suddenly remembered that they wanted to sign a cooperation agreement, in order to improve safety conditions in factories in Bangladesh.

However, the situation is still as tragic as ever, both in Bangladesh and in other non-EU countries. Should European companies working in non-EU countries be obliged to prove that their health and safety conditions at work meet European safety standards?

The EU supports ratification and effective implementation of international labour standards, as enshrined in the ILO conventions, by Bangladesh and other third countries. The ILO is well placed to promote progress on labour standards as well as health and safety at work. Labour law reform to provide for freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining is discussed in the Bangladeshi parliament.

The Commission is also reflecting on how assistance to Bangladesh can be used to further address implementation of labour standards. The Commission also encourages EU-based companies to promote health and safety standards and social dialogue in their supply chains. The Commission does not have detailed information on companies subcontracting textile production in Bangladesh.

However it closely follows initiatives bringing together major European retailers and brands subcontracting in Bangladesh, including an agreement signed by more than 40 major garment and retail brands committing them to organise inspections and training activities. Dezember in vollem Umfang gelten.

Plant protection products containing active substances from the neonicotinoid group were banned by the Directorate General for Health and Consumers for reasons relating to the protection of bees. The study is also being criticised for having been carried out purely under laboratory conditions and not on the basis of experience in practice. Lastly, it is claimed that the use of treated rape seed and the application of Santana poses no disproportionate risk to bee colonies.

What alternative methods of pest control does it envisage for rape growers who currently only use neonicotinoids for pest control on their fields? A scientific opinion formulated in Germany shares that opinion, also arguing that there is not enough evidence on which to base an assessment of their impact on these insects.

EFSA was asked by the Commission to take into account the existing data submitted at EU level and at Member State level for the approval and the authorisation of plant protection products and any other data from studies, research and monitoring activities that are relevant to the uses under consideration. These included not only studies conducted under laboratory conditions, but also in semi-field and field conditions and monitoring data. Therefore, for the forthcoming rape growing season the treated seeds will be still available. Can the Commission outline how it is addressing the problem and how it intends to sanction the countries concerned?

Can the Commission please offer my constituents advice on how to deal with medical establishments which refuse to accept the EHIC? In , the Commission stated that it had documented a large number of cases in which tourists in some regions of Spain were refused urgent medical treatment in public hospitals without compensation, in spite of the fact that they were in possession of European Health Insurance Cards EHICs.

European legislation guarantees tourists who hold EHICs medical treatment subject to the same conditions and for the same price as for local citizens. In view of this information, the Commission promised to carry out a thorough investigation of this issue. According to the latest information, the Commission is still documenting similar cases. If so, subject to whatconditions? The results of such EU-Pilot investigations are not published. Complaints currently pending with the Commission concerning refusals to accept the EHIC are 27 from citizens in Spain, five from insurance companies and three from holiday assistance organisations.

Complaints that the EHIC is being refused by certain public hospitals in Portugal are under investigation. The Commission is aware of claims that the EHIC is being refused by hospitals in Greece, but to date has received no complaints backing them up. If the EHIC is refused, citizens should ensure the care they are given is public not private healthcare.

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They should keep all receipts for payment of the treatment. An application for reimbursement of the cost at the rate applicable in the country of stay can then be made to the competent health institution in either the country of stay or the country which issued the EHIC. Pedro da Cova, em Gondomar, Portugal. On a recent visit to the parish of S. Pedro da Cova, in the municipality of Gondomar Portugal , we confirmed that heavy environmental damage, which has been affecting the population of the parish for some years, continues.

Is the Commission aware of any projects intended to compensate the population of the parish for the environmental damage caused over the years and to counter this? In a recent visit to the site, we found that no work had begun to remove the hazardous waste. Both questions address different aspects of the illegal dumping of waste originated by a steel-mill on the old mines of S.

Pedro da Cova in Gondomar, Portugal. If so, what stage has this process reached? The administrative structures within Member States are a matter of national legislation and constitute the first criterion used to define NUTS levels. As for the NUTS classification, the Commission has no means of taking account of socioeconomic disparities between administrative regions. It will still be possible for managing authorities to focus efforts under NUTSbased programmes on particular areas.

Grave fenomeno del bracconaggio primaverile a danno dei piccoli di tordo bottaccio e altri uccelli migratori nelle province italiane di Trento e Bolzano. Ogni anno, in particolare durante la primavera, nelle province italiane di Trento e Bolzano si manifesta un grave fenomeno di bracconaggio nei confronti dei pulcini di uccelli selvatici, in particolare delle specie di tordo Turdus philomelos e cesena Turdus pilaris. I bracconieri, che provengono da diverse regioni italiane, prelevano i nidi prevalentemente dagli alberi dei boschi o dalle piante delle coltivazioni di melo, compiendo un saccheggio sistematico e organizzato dopo viaggi di centinaia di chilometri.

Accade infatti che molti dei bracconieri fermati dal Corpo Forestale dello Stato CFS e dai Carabinieri siano in possesso di autorizzazioni di allevamento di associazioni e federazioni ornitologiche o delle amministrazioni provinciali, che forniscono loro gli anelli da apporre ai pulcini nati legalmente in gabbia ma che poi vengono utilizzati per inanellare e rendere lecita la detenzione dei pulcini rubati nei nidi di uccelli selvatici.

Solo negli ultimi giorni sono stati denunciati ad Appiano BZ dal CFS un cittadino della Lombardia in possesso di pulcini prevalentemente di tordo bottaccio, a Caldaro BZ dai Carabinieri due cittadini dell'Emilia Romagna con 16 nidi con 34 pulcini di tordo bottaccio, 16 pulcini di fringuello e nidi con uova di fanello e verzellino, a Dambel TN dal CFS due cittadini della Lombardia con 25 pulcini di tordo bottaccio e cesena, a Nalles BZ dai Carabinieri e dal CFS tre cittadini marocchini residenti in Toscana con 29 pulcini di tordo bottaccio.

Questi episodi sono solo la punta di un enorme iceberg. Grave fenomeno di bracconaggio primaverile a danno dei piccoli della rara aquila del Bonelli. Nel nell'intera isola sono state censite 33 coppie residenti e 26 coppie riproduttive che hanno incrementato la popolazione di 32 nuove giovani aquile. Purtroppo, la vigilanza ai siti di nidificazione viene effettuata esclusivamente da volontari che, in quanto tali, non possono garantire dei controlli sistematici e contemporanei a tutti i siti di nidificazione di questo raro uccello. Every year, particularly in spring, the chicks of wild birds are poached in the Italian provinces of Trento and Bolzano.

This serious problem affects species of thrush Turdus philomelos and fieldfares Turdus pilaris in particular. The poachers, who come from various Italian regions, take nests mainly from woodland trees or from apple orchard plants. They travel hundreds of kilometres to carry out their systematic and organised raids. It turns out, in fact, that many of the poachers arrested by the State Forestry Police and the Italian military police hold rearing licences from ornithological associations and federations or provincial administrations, which provide them with rings to be placed on chicks that are lawfully born in cages.

However, the poachers then use those rings on chicks that have been stolen from wild bird nests, so that they are kept legally. In the last few days alone, the following have been charged: These events are just the tip of an enormous iceberg. The nest from which the chicks were poached had already been raided two years ago and investigations by the CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora investigative division of the State Forestry Corps, made it possible to reconstruct the movements of the poached eagle chicks, revealing a lucrative trade in birds of prey involving several EU countries, and which involved, in some cases, these rare birds, reprocessed with false documents, returning to Sicily.

In , 33 resident pairs and 26 breeding pairs, which increased the population by 32 new eagle chicks, were recorded throughout Sicily. Unfortunately, nesting sites are monitored exclusively by volunteers who, as such, cannot systematically and simultaneously check all the nesting sites of this rare bird. Unfortunately, the lack of spot checks and continuous monitoring by local authorities of breeders and falconers who use this rare species causes the illegal market in these birds to grow and, as a result, increased thefts from nests.

Is the Commission aware of this serious issue of poaching and the illegal trade that exists? Does it not think it should call on local authorities to carry out the proper and necessary checks to prevent and curb these illegal acts? The Commission is not aware of the specific episodes mentioned by the Honourable Member. In order to address the general issue of illegal practices affecting bird populations, the Commission has developed, in consultation with Member States and stakeholders, a roadmap including a list of specific actions to address the problems, covering areas such as monitoring of illegal activities, information exchange and awareness-raising, prevention and enforcement improvements.

The Commission recalls that it is primarily the responsibility of the national law enforcement authorities, including courts of law, to ensure that the relevant EU nature protection laws are properly enforced, and that violations of these laws are properly investigated to lead to prosecutions and convictions. It also states that the Member States have to maintain and make publicly available the list of designated points of import. The same designated points of import that have facilities to sample hazelnuts for aflatoxins are also considered to be in a position to sample for pesticide residues.

Following this reply, we sent information requests to the laboratories included in the German list, referring to imports of Turkish hazelnuts and the pesticides analysed. In the responses provided by the German laboratories, we note that none of them has carried out a pesticide analysis. In fact, many of the responses provided stated that the law does not require them to carry out these checks but only to check for aflatoxins. What measures does the Commission plan to adopt to ensure that the maximum residue limits MRLs for pesticide products in Turkish hazelnuts imported by Germany are not exceeded?

What is the minimum level of analysis that should be required by national multiannual control programmes for pesticide residues to be considered statistically significant with regard to the production of imported hazelnuts and to ensure food safety? At present the Commission has not received any notifications through the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed RASFF related to the presence of other hazards including pesticide residues in hazelnuts from Turkey, nor any other information pointing at an emerging risk in relation to this commodity.

Al termine del negoziato di adesione della Croazia all'UE sembra si sia aperta, da parte croata, una vertenza relativa alla denominazione Prosek per un vino croato, che il governo croato vorrebbe poter conservare anche dopo l'ingresso nell'UE. Si apprende dai mezzi di informazione che il mantenimento di questo nome, molto simile a quello del vino italiano Prosecco, sarebbe stato giustamente negato dalla Commissione. It is curious that in all of the enslavement lawsuits surveyed, however, this law itself was cited only once, in the case of Martha and Sabino, and only five times in the maintenance of freedom cases.

If we count all freedom lawsuits from the Court of Appeals of Rio de Janeiro between and , the law of March 10, was mentioned only sixteen times. Four laws were cited most frequently in the enslavement and maintenance of freedom cases: All four references were related in some way to the matters discussed in these lawsuits. Article of the Brazilian Constitution, enacted in , which deals with the inviolability of property, was quoted by advocates of slave owners, to defend the legality of the removal of their property without their consent.

The last two laws already specifically included the issue of re-enslavement. The law of June 6, , cited abundantly throughout the nineteenth century, has nothing to do with the enslavement of Africans and their descendants: No direct reference authorized the application of this law in freedom lawsuits related to Africans, but there was also no restriction on its application, and there was no other law that substituted for it. The use of the first benefited the owners, while the second would be favorable to the slaves. If we look at the distribution of the data over time, however, we see a different situation see chart 4.

Lenine Nequete has observed a similar phenomenon, noting that he did not find any reference to the law of March 10, prior to The explanation for this dramatic change in legal arguments can be found in the Supreme Court judgment in case of Rosalina Fernandes de Almeida and her young children. If uncertainty about the civil status of the population was inconvenient for the government of Brazil in , it was all the more so in For this reason, the Supreme Court, citing the Law of March 10, , recognized that.

Here it is necessary to examine more carefully the "special circumstances" of the Law of March 10, Returning to the text of the law, we see that its original purpose was to reinforce the status of captives who were slaves before they arrived in Palmares, as well as those who were born there of slave mothers.

It is in this context that we understand paragraph 3 of the law, which states:. What the Supreme Court did was to interpret the law broadly, disregarding its original significance and removing it from the context of a specific event in time, in order to utilize the reasoning delineated in the letter of the law by updating it. Confusion about the freedom of individuals, in addition to allowing abuse by masters, could be taken again as harmful to the State, so the "question of public interest" was to be considered generically, i.

So, too, was the political decision to set the period of five years for prescription of slavery, and not 10 or 20, as had been discussed up to then. For him, this period was based on Roman slave law, which was rigorous regarding fugitive slaves. If they were caught, no matter how long they had lived as freedpersons, they were returned to captivity.

Gradually, however, the law became less rigorous: Justinian established the period of ten years; later still it was reduced to five. In citing it, he knew he was changing its original intent; however, it served to explicitly support his argument in a disagreement with Correia Telles, who had defined the term as ten years.

Liturgia | Dehonianos

As Silvia Lara has stressed, what these lawyers and jurists were doing was much more than a "political reading of colonial law. The Supreme Court magistrates returned to this issue in , when they delivered another judgment based on the law of , bestowing on the letter of the law an even broader interpretation than that of The case was as follows: Costa Leite was the owner of the slave Sebastiana, whose daughter, Anastasia, had escaped eighteen years earlier, in The Brazilian Supreme Court, however, overturned these decisions, finding them "manifestly invalid and notoriously unjust.

The other reason, however, is more surprising: It mattered little to the Court that she was an escaped slave, or that, throughout this period, the owner had taken all reasonable steps to capture her, including having registered her as a runaway. The judges also ignored the question of whether the slave had ever enjoyed a "peaceful freedom," a condition required by the original law. In fact, Anastasia had only left the maroon community where she had taken refuge when it was destroyed by the authorities. Regardless, the Court considered the enslavement lawsuits unfounded, because they were filed outside of the statute of limitations for re-enslavement.

And the grandchildren of Sebastiana were freed. The two decisions of the Supreme Court - regarding the case of Rosalina in and of Anastasia in - as was to be expected, caused great controversy. An argument was also put forth, by the very famous lawyer Teixeira de Freitas, that the statute of limitations— which for him should continue to be for ten years - would only be valid if the slave had been living as free with the consent of his master, and had not been "removed from slavery," because "bad faith destroys this and all statutes of limitation. Despite the objections lodged by jurists, the effects of the jurisprudence established by the Supreme Court seem to have been substantial.

Except for one from , all were filed after The hypothesis I wish to defend here is that it was not by chance that, precisely in the s, Supreme Court justices abruptly remembered to use a law already two hundred years old. For the last two, it certainly was not. But although the institution of slavery was still acceptable, it was increasingly difficult to justify the possibility of re-enslavement, mainly because, in Brazil, freedom also implied the acquisition of citizenship rights. It seems that the diagnosis of Malheiro about the "reason and conscience" of each judge "in the times in which we live" made sense.

In effect, by the s, judges had come to accept certain arguments as valid, even seeking legal precedents that did not correspond directly with the case in question, such as the law of Perhaps for this reason, the number of cases that had re-enslavement as a central theme grew see chart 5. Also, as shown in the chart 6, the number of maintenance of freedom lawsuits grew very sharply from , while the re-enslavement lawsuits followed a trend quite different: The analysis of these two charts allows us to reach two important conclusions.

The first is that, after , more slaves filed maintenance of freedom lawsuits in the courts than masters initiated re-enslavement lawsuits. Although these data indicate the occurrence of effective practices of re-enslavement, they cannot measure the full extent of the practice, which may have been in decline. It may salso be that slaves were aware of their chances of getting manumission in the courts, and willing to invest scarce resources in the effort. This is the second and more important conclusion: That is why these data tells us a lot about the legal legitimacy of slavery in the second half of the nineteenth century: Here we can return to the case of the persons formally known to have been slaves, Martha and Sabino, who were considered captives after years lived as free, by the judge of Curvelo in With the appeal of the sentence, the case ended up in the Court of Appeals of Rio de Janeiro.

They no longer wanted to prosecute Martha and Sabino, who were, respectively, their nephew and cousin. Sabino, being the son of Martha, was also the nephew of his master. To Azevedo and Mello manumission was a form of contract, which dealt with the transfer of ownership. Thus, the only difference between the donation of freedom and the other existing grants was that the grantee could not refuse it.

We have faith, and in its presence, beautiful theories and eloquent discussions are worthless. The lawyer for the alleged owners must have been trying to avoid a judgment based on the exceptional nature of regulations involving slavery and freedom, especially when these involved family relationships between masters and slaves. The Court of Appeals of Rio de Janeiro not only recognized that, from a legal standpoint, the freed appellants were right, but also emphasized that the judge of Curvelo, in deciding to re-enslave Martha and Sabino, had committed what was then called "notorious injustice": The judges of the Court of Appeals thus in fact "vociferate[d] for the rights of man, for guarantees of freedoms" — exactly what Azevedo and Mello had tried to prevent in their arguments.

The argument that the judicial system represents the supposed interests of the elite still lingers in analyses of nineteenth century Brazil. The judiciary could not possibly serve to defend the rights of slaves. Analysis of the attitude of the slaves who appealed to the courts to fight for prerogatives that came to be understood as rights has contributed to questioning this view.

After all, in freedom lawsuits, the responsibility for finding a reasonable resolution to the conflict was delegated to the justice system, even though in practice, this resource was sometimes merely a strategy to press masters to release their slaves sooner. The attitude of these slaves reveals that, at least from their perspective, the state had the power to enforce the rights they believed they had, including the right to receive freedom, which, at times, had only been verbally promised by a master.

It is clear that the Brazilian courts played an extremely important role in securing the emancipation of African slaves and their descendants. This importance is evidenced not only by the large number of freedom lawsuits, but also, primarily, by many rulings favorable to the effective liberation of slaves.

Freedom lawsuits in general thus played a key role in the conflict between the preservation of slavery and the process of modernization of the Brazilian state in the nineteenth century: In a way, their requests for state actions contributed to the expansion of the public sphere. Moreover, recent work such as that by Elciene Azevedo and Beatriz Galotti Mamigonian has shown how, from the late s onward, abolitionist lawyers and judges stormed the courts and established jurisprudence on issues of slavery and freedom. They did so by recognizing the possibility of new interpretations of old laws, such as that of November 7, , the first to ban the Atlantic slave trade to Brazil.

The existence of re-enslavement lawsuits, their outcomes, and the patterns in which citation of particular laws occurred, demonstrate that beginning in the s, judges and lawyers who in this case were as individuals far from abolitionist were gradually recognizing that familiar re-enslavement practices, were becoming less legitimate.

As a result, he masters who took their disputes with their slaves to court had no a priori guarantee of victory. Between the beginning of the loss of legitimacy and the actual loss of legality, which only occurred with the abolition of slavery, many years would pass.

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