The Lion: Revised
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News Jun 27, 0. Casting Announcements Dec 10, 0. Reviews Dec 6, 0. Casting Announcements Dec 6, 0. All the traditional style Fo Shan have pop-up teeth on the side on the head, tongue, and swiveling eyes. The underside of the tail is white; the designs of the tail are also more square and contain a diamond pattern going down the back, and often has bells attached to the tail. It has a high forehead, curved lips and a sharp horn on its head. The newer styles of Fo Shan lions replace all the bristles with fur and the tails are shorter. The eyes are fixed in place, and the tongue and teeth do not pop up.
The tail is more curvy in design, does not have a diamond pattern, and lacks bells. The He Shan style lion is known for its richness of expression, unique footwork, impressive-looking appearance and vigorous drumming style. Feng was born in a village in He Shan county in Guangdong, and he was instructed in martial arts and lion dance by his father. Later, he also studied martial arts and Southern lion dance in Foshan before returning to his hometown and setting up his own training hall.
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He developed his unique version of lion dance, creating new techniques by studying and mimicking movement of cats, such as "catching mouse, playing, catching birds, high escape, lying low and rolling". He and his disciples also made changes to the lion head, its forehead is lower, its horn rounded and it has a duck beak mouth with flat lips. Together with new dance steps and agile footwork, a unique rhythm invented by Feng called the "Seven Star Drum", Feng created a new style of lion dancing that is high in entertainment value and visual appeal.
The black lion is considered the youngest lion, and the movement of this lion should be fast like a young child or a headstrong teenager. Shaolin Lohan Pai Dance Troupe. Indonesians however, have developed their own style of lion dances. Further improvement had been made by the Singapore Hok San Association, for example making the lion more "cat-like" by shortening the tail of He Shan lion, and creating new drum beat for the dance. Now, as with many other countries, lion dance troupes must attain a permit from the government in order to perform lion dance.
In the early s, the He Shan lion dance was performed when Sun Yat-Sen assumed office in Guangzhou, and created a stir. Around , He Shan lion performers were often invited to perform in many places within China and Southeast Asia during celebratory festivals. Further improvement had been made by the Singapore Hok San Association, for example making the lion more "cat-like" by shortening the tail of He Shan lion, and creating new drum beat for the dance.
Different colors are used to signify the age and character of the lions.
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The lion with white fur is considered to be the oldest of the lions, while the lion with golden yellow fur is the middle child. The black lion is considered the youngest lion, and the movement of this lion should be fast like a young child or a headstrong teenager. The colors may also represent the character of the lion: There are also three lion types that represent three historical characters recorded in the classic Romance of the Three Kingdoms who were blood oath brothers that swore to restore the Han dynasty: Later three more Lions were added to the group.
The Zhao Zi Long lion is a green lion with a green tail with black trim and a white underside, as well as a white beard and fur and an iron horn. Wong Tsung , he was given this color when Liu Bei rose to become Emperor. The Huang Joon has a full yellow tail with white trim. This lion is called the Righteous Lion. The white lion is known as Ma Chao Cantonese: Ma Chiu , he was assigned this color because he always wore a white arm band in his battle against the Emperor of Wei, Cao Cao, to signify that he was in mourning for his father and brother who had been murdered by Cao Cao.
Thus this lion was known as the funeral lion.
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This lion is never used except for the funeral of a Master or an important head of a group, and in such cases the lion is usually burned right after use as it is symbolically inauspicious to be kept around. This lion is sometimes confused with the silver lion which sometimes has a whitish colouring. These three along with Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were known as the "Five Tiger Generals of Shun," each representing one of the colors of the five elements. It is similar to the Chinese southern lion dance, except that the lion is mainly green in color and has a distinct round flat mask.
It is believed to have originated in the anti- Manchu movements after the fall of the Ming dynasty in During training sessions for fighters, the Green lion was fitted with blades symbolizing the Manchurian army and would become a moving target for trainees. From that point onwards, the Green Lion is used without the blades and performed for cultural and ritual purposes. The lion dance is known in Vietnam as the unicorn dance Vietnamese: Most lions in Vietnam resemble the Southern Lion — they are part of the Chinese Southern Lion tradition but have acquired local characteristics.
There are however also distinct local forms that differ significantly in appearance and performance, for example the lion dances of the Tay and Nung minority people. The dance is typically accompanied by martial artists and acrobatics.
The good-hearted spirit, according to popular beliefs, has the power to summon the auspicious unicorn, and thus during the dance, takes the lead in clearing the path for the unicorn. This is because teams used to fight each other. This resulted in the horn being kicked off constantly.
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To solve this problem, many Vietnamese teams have requested no horns to make it harder for the opponent to damage the lion. It is thought to have been imported from China during the Tang Dynasty, and became associated with celebration of Buddha's Birthday. It is also performed at other festivals and celebrations. In some of these performances, the lions may bite people on the head to bring good luck. The lion dance has been completely absorbed into Japanese tradition. There are many different lion dances in Japan and the style of dancing and design of the lion may differ by region — it is believed that as many as 9, variations of the dance exist in the country.
Shishi kagura may be found in different forms - for example the daikagura which is mainly acrobatic, the yamabushi kagura , a type of theatrical performance done by yamabushi ascetics, [49] and also in bangaku and others. The Japanese lion consists of a wooden, lacquered head called a shishi-gashira lit. Lion Head , often with a characteristic body of green dyed cloth with white designs.
It can be manipulated by a single person, or by two or more persons, one of whom manipulates the head. The one-man variety is most often seen in eastern Japan. Historically the word shishi may refer to any wild four-legged animal, and some of these dances with different beasts may therefore also be referred to as shishi-mai. In Okinawa , a similar dance exists, though the lion there is considered to be a legendary shisa. The heads, bodies and behavior of the shisa in the dance are quite different from the shishi on mainland Japan.
Instead of dancing to the sounds of flutes and drums, the Okinawan shisa dance is often performed to folk songs played with the sanshin. It may have been recorded as early as the King Jinheung 's reign in the 6th century during which a tune titled "The Lion's Talent" was composed that could be a reference to a lion dance. Lion dance as an exorcism ritual began to be performed in the New Year in Korea during the Goryeo dynasty.
In this lion dance the lion with a large but comic lion mask and brown costume may be performed together with performers wearing other masks. It is also believed that children who sat on the back of the lion during such performances would enjoy good health and a long life. In the Himalayan and Tibetan area, there is also a lion dance called the snow lion dance. This dance may be found in Tibet and also among Tibetan diaspora communities where it is called Senggeh Garcham , [62] Nepal , and parts of Northeastern India — among the Monpa people in Arunachal Pradesh , [63] in Sikkim where it is called Singhi Chham , [64] and in some parts of Uttar Pradesh and Ladakh.
The Snow Lion is regarded as an emblem of Tibet and the Snow Lion Dance is popular dance in Tibetan communities and it is performed during festivals such as during the ritual dance cham festival and the New Year. Ths snow lion represents the snowy mountain ranges and glaciers of Tibet and is considered highly auspicious, and it may also symbolize a number of characteristics, such as power and strength, [65] and fearlessness and joy. The Chinese lion dance is referred to as barongsai in Indonesia, often performed by Chinese Indonesian during Imlek.
Indonesians however, have developed their own style of lion dances.
The lion dance Indonesian: In Hindu Balinese culture, the Barong is the king of good spirits, and the enemy of the demon queen Rangda. Like the Chinese lion, it requires more dancers than in the Javanese Reog.
The Reog dance of Ponorogo in Java involves a lion figure known as the singa barong. The angle of attack readings are fed into a computer that in some cases will attempt to push down the nose using the pitch trim system. In the early days of the jet age, the pitch trim system was linked to several accidents. Please tell us what you liked about it. We have updated our privacy policy to be more clear and meet the new requirements of the GDPR. By continuing to use our site, you accept our revised Privacy Policy. Article 6 Comments A Boeing Co. Was this article valuable? Please tell us what we can do to improve this article.
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