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Sidney Kennedy has received research funding or honoraria from the following sources: Jude Medical, Sunovion and Xian-Janssen.
Fonseka does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment. Republish our articles for free, online or in print, under Creative Commons licence.
Suicide is a growing public health concern. In Canada, 4, lives are claimed by suicide each year — that is 10 lives per day. For every one of these suicide deaths, there are five people hospitalized following self-injury, 25 to 30 suicide attempts and seven to 10 people affected by each tragedy, according to analysis by the Public Health Agency of Canada. Suicide rates are highest among certain groups — such as Indigenous peoples, immigrants and refugees, prisoners and the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex LGBTI community — and are on the rise.
The impacts of suicide are felt widely. The Toronto Transit Commission TTC recently reported an increase in transit suicides at the end of , with eight attempts in December alone, and a corresponding rise in rates of stress leave by TTC employees, due to the toll this took on staff. Could artificial intelligence AI , or intelligence demonstrated by machines, possibly help to prevent these deaths? As researchers in psychiatry, in the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network for Depression, we are collecting clinical and biological data during treatment interventions for people with major depression.
We are exploring early clues to changes in behaviour and mood states using mobile health technologies. One of our goals is to identify early predictors of relapse, and increased risk of suicidal behaviour. Here we review other promising applications of AI to suicide prevention, and draw attention to the barriers within this field.
Health Promotion, Risk Reduction, and Suicide Prevention .. See Army Regulation (AR) –63 for a listing of specific responsibilities. 2–5. The result of that eye-opening experience prompted an Army campaign to rebalance health promotion, risk reduction and suicide prevention.
The project will research and predict regional suicide rates by examining patterns in Canadian social media posts including suicide-related content, although user identity will not be collected. The program will not isolate high risk cases or intervene at the individual level. Instead, findings will be used to inform mental health resource planning.
In , Facebook developed a manual suicide reporting system where users could upload screenshots of suicide content for review. There are also more language options, and an extension into Instagram. It is specially designed to help you read in the dark. Along with the high-resolution screen, it is also equipped with a built-in light and Wi-Fi.
The six steps of the SPI are to identify: Promising applications include suicide risk prediction and clinical management. Sidney Kennedy , Trehani M. Following discharge from an inpatient or ED setting, follow-up phone calls or other forms of non in-person contact e. Clinicians feel unsure of how to intervene with someone who is at current risk for suicide, and they may erroneously believe that asking might introduce the idea.
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According to the study, "other factors found to be associated with homicide rates were median age, unemployment, immigration rates, percentage of population in low-income bracket, Gini index of income equality, population per police officer, and incarceration rate. A study of the Canadian gun control law Firearms Act, reported little evidence that this law significantly reduced rates of lethal gun violence against women. In and , gun control laws were enacted in the Australian state of Victoria , both times following mass shootings.
A study found that in the context of these laws, overall firearm-related deaths, especially suicides, declined dramatically. A study by gun lobby-affiliated researchers Jeanine Baker and Samara McPhedran found that after Australia enacted the National Firearms Agreement NFA , a gun control law, in , gun-related suicides may have been affected, but no other parameter appeared to have been.
The study also found, however, that non-gun suicide and homicide rates declined even more quickly after the NFA, leading the authors to conclude that "it is not possible to determine whether the change in firearm deaths can be attributed to the gun law reforms. According to studies, Australia's violent crime and gun crime had been falling since the early 90s.
A study found evidence that gun control laws passed in Austria in reduced the rates of firearm suicide and homicide in that country. Gun-related hospitalizations also reversed their previous trend by decreasing 4. The same study found a decline in overall youth suicide after the laws were passed, but also concluded that "it is not possible to determine the extent to which this was accounted for by changes in firearms legislation or other causes. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For international arms restrictions, see arms control. For techniques for the safe handling, possession, and storage of firearms, see gun safety.
For the debate about gun control in the U. Small arms trade and Small arms and light weapons. Gun laws in Canada.
Gun laws in Australia. Overview of gun laws by nation. Eritrea and Somalia also prohibit civilian possession of firearms as part of their implementation of the UN Programme of Action on Small Arms. In the Solomon Islands civilian firearm ownership is restricted to members of the Regional Assistance Mission. The countries included in the sample were: The only countries with permissive gun legislation are: Accessed on August 27, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
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