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Maybe it came through a crackly radio broadcast, or in the distance at a campground where the music was being played. This results in a violent argument, causing Ennis to abandon his connections with Alma.
Ennis meets and has a brief romantic relationship with Cassie Cartwright, a waitress. Jack and Lureen meet and befriend another couple, Randall and Lashawn Malone. It is implied that Jack begins an affair with Randall, as Randall tells Jack his boss has a remote cabin that he can use anytime he wants and suggests they use it together sometime.
At the end of a regular fishing trip with Jack, Ennis tries to delay their next meeting. Jack's frustration erupts into argument, and Ennis blames Jack for being the cause of his own conflicted actions. Ennis begins to cry. Jack tries to hold him and he momentarily objects, but they end up locked in an embrace. Jack watches as Ennis drives away. Some time later, Ennis receives a postcard he had sent to Jack, stamped "Deceased".
He calls Lureen, who says that Jack died in an accident, when a tire he was changing exploded. As she is speaking, Ennis imagines that Jack was actually beaten to death by a gang of thugs, the fate that Ennis feared. Lureen tells Ennis that Jack wanted to have his ashes scattered on Brokeback Mountain, but she does not know where it is.
Ennis travels to meet with Jack's parents and offers to take Jack's ashes to the mountain. The father refuses, preferring to have them interred in a family plot. Permitted by Jack's mother to see Jack's childhood bedroom, Ennis finds the bloodstained shirt he thought he had lost on Brokeback Mountain. He discovers Jack kept it hanging with his own stained shirt from that summer's fight. Ennis holds both shirts up to his face, silently weeping.
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Jack's mother lets him keep the shirts. Later, year-old Alma Jr.
She asks for his blessing and invites him to the wedding. After Alma leaves, Ennis goes to his closet, where his and Jack's shirts hang together, with a postcard of Brokeback Mountain tacked above them. He stares at the ensemble for a moment, tears in his eyes, and murmurs, "Jack, I swear Ripley , then a cowboy movie All the Pretty Horses.
I can't follow it up with a gay-cowboy movie! Joel Schumacher was also linked with the project prior to Lee's involvement. When Ang Lee first heard of the story and screenplay, he attempted to get the film made as an independent producer. In an interview with Out magazine, he described himself "wrecked" after filming both Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Hulk.
Brokeback Mountain "nurtured" him back into filmmaking. The casting of Heath Ledger and Jake Gyllenhaal was announced in While the film is set in Wyoming like the original story , it was filmed almost entirely in the Canadian Rockies in southern Alberta. Lee was given a tour of the locations in the story in Wyoming by Proulx but chose to shoot in Canada due to financial reasons. Other scenes were filmed in Cowley , Fort Macleod , [16] and Calgary. The film was shot during the summer of Proulx has praised the faithfulness of the adaptation of her story as a feature film.
Before the movie was made, she described McMurtry and Ossana's adaptation as "an exceptionally fine screenplay. According to interviews with the filmmakers, Focus Features was able to recoup its production costs early on by selling overseas rights to the film. Over the Christmas weekend, Brokeback Mountain posted the highest per-theater gross of any film and was considered a box office success not only in urban centers such as New York City and Los Angeles, but also in suburban theaters near Portland , Houston , Chicago, Dallas , Denver , and Atlanta.
On January 6, , the film expanded into theaters, and on January 13, , Focus Features, the film's distributor, opened Brokeback in nearly North American cinemas as part of its ongoing expansion strategy for the film. On January 20, the film opened in 1, theaters in North America; it opened in 1, theaters on January 27 and in 2, theaters on February 3, its widest release. It is the top-grossing release of Focus Features, it ranks fifth among the highest-grossing westerns since , and eighth among the highest-grossing romantic dramas since Brokeback Mountain was released in London on December 30, , [19] in only one cinema, and was widely released in the rest of the United Kingdom on January 6, On January 11, Time Out London magazine reported that Brokeback was the number one film in the city, a position it held for three weeks.
The film was released in France on January 18, , in cinemas expanding into cinemas in the second week and into in the third week. In its first week of release, Brokeback Mountain was in third place at the French box office, with , people viewing the film, or an average of 1, people by cinema per week, the highest such figure for any film in France that week. One month later, it reached more than one million viewers more than 1,, on March 18 , with still cinemas in the 10th week.
Released in Italy on January 20, the film grossed more than , euros in only three days, and was the fourth highest-grossing film in the country in its first week of release. Brokeback was released in Australia on January 26, , where it landed in fourth place at the box office and earned an average per-screen gross three times higher than its nearest competitor during its first weekend despite being released in only 48 cinemas nationwide. Most of the Australian critics praised the film. Brokeback Mountain was the highest-grossing film in the U. Indeed, the film was one of the top five highest-grossing films in the U.
The film was released on January 20, , in Taiwan , where director Ang Lee was born, and it ran there until April Professional film critics widely praised Brokeback Mountain. The site's critical consensus reads, "A beautifully epic Western, Brokeback Mountain 's gay love story is imbued with heartbreaking universality, helped by the moving performances of Ledger and Gyllenhaal. The film received positive reviews from Christianity Today. Universal the studio of which Focus Features is the specialty division announced on January 3, , that Brokeback Mountain was the most honored film of The independent website criticstop The film's significance has been attributed to its portrayal of a same-sex relationship on its own terms, focused on the characters.
It does not refer to the history of the LGBT social movements. Brokeback Mountain was listed on many critics' top ten lists. Reviewers, critics, and the cast and crew disagreed as to whether the film's two protagonists were homosexual , bisexual , heterosexual , or should be free of any sexual orientation classification. The film was frequently referred to in the media as the "gay cowboy movie", but a number of reviewers noted that both Jack and Ennis were bisexual. Gyllenhaal concluded that Ennis and Jack were straight men who "develop this love, this bond," saying in a Details interview: Without Jack Twist, I don't know that he ever would have come out I think the whole point was that it was two souls that fell in love with each other.
Others said they felt the characters' sexuality to be simply ambiguous.
He suggests again that they live together, but Ennis refuses to move away from his children. The Impact of a Film is a book of personal stories of how people were influenced by the short story and film, compiled from accounts written by members of the Ultimate Brokeback Forum. Archived from the original on March 21, Over the Christmas weekend, Brokeback Mountain posted the highest per-theater gross of any film and was considered a box office success not only in urban centers such as New York City and Los Angeles, but also in suburban theaters near Portland , Houston , Chicago, Dallas , Denver , and Atlanta. Remember Where You Came From Archived from the original on January 22, It is implied that Jack begins an affair with Randall, as Randall tells Jack his boss has a remote cabin that he can use anytime he wants and suggests they use it together sometime.
Clarence Patton and Christopher Murray said in New York's Gay City News that Ennis and Jack's experiences were metaphors for "many men who do not identify as gay or even queer, but who nevertheless have sex with other men". In the end, Ang Lee's love story wasn't gay or straight, just human. LGBT non-fiction author Eric Marcus dismissed "talk of Ennis and Jack being anything but gay as box office-influenced political correctness intended to steer straight audiences to the film".
Roger Ebert concluded that both characters were gay, but doubted it themselves: When Ledger and Gyllenhaal were asked about any fear of being cast in such controversial roles, Ledger responded that he was not afraid of the role, but rather he was concerned that he would not be mature enough as an actor to do the story justice.
Gyllenhaal has stated that he is extremely proud of the film and his role, regardless of what the reactions would be. He regards rumors of him being bisexual as flattering, stating: I've never really been attracted to men sexually, but I don't think I would be afraid of it if it happened. Lee found the first scene difficult to film and has stated he has great respect for the two main actors for their "courage". Ledger's performance was described by Luke Davies as a difficult and empowering portrayal given the environment of the film: The campaign to depoliticize the film, [ by whom?
Author Jim Kitses states "What drives the emotional attack of the film is the inadequacy of its characters to articulate and understand, let alone control, the experience that strikes them like a storm. American cowboys—of all people—have no business falling in love with each other. Practical and conservative types of a rough and ready manhood are by no means ready for man-love. The film has been given different titles in other languages. In Spanish the film had two titles: The film met with mixed reactions in other nations, particularly China and Islamic nations of western Asia.
According to news reports, the film has not been shown in theaters in China, although it was freely available in bootleg DVD and video. The state said it did not distribute the film because the anticipated audience was too small to justify it. The foreign media suggested this was a cover for government opposition to a portrayal of homosexuality.
Brokeback Mountain has never been shown in China, but when you won Best Director in for that film, the Chinese media said, and I quote: It was, I wouldn't say hypocritical. I think they are genuinely happy to see a Chinese director win an Academy Award with good artistic value. I think that pride is genuine, so I would not think that's hypocritical at all. Not only in my judgment, I literally meet people who are genuinely happy. No, no, I don't think so, it's just like they don't want homosexual movie shown in the movies, it's hard to put American logic It's just something else.
I don't know how to describe it, it's just something else. So what can I say? The word "brokeback" Chinese: In the Middle East, distribution of the film became a political issue. Homosexuality is legally a serious crime in most Islamic nations and is a taboo subject even in the few nations where it is legal. Lebanon was the only Arab country to show the film, and it released a censored format.
The film was also released in Turkey. On December 8, , the Italian state-owned television channel Rai Due aired a censored version of the film, removing all the scenes with homoerotic references. Viewers protested, saying the deletions made the plot impossible to follow. The Arcigay organisation protested the deletions as homophobic censorship.
RAI showed an uncensored version of the film on March 17, Miller made the decision at the last minute, after having contracted for the release and advertising for the film. He pulled it after learning that the plot concerned a same-sex romance. Miller said the film got away from "traditional families", which he believes is "dangerous". The company stated, "You can't do business with people who break their word. Several conservative political pundits , including commentators Bill O'Reilly , John Gibson , and Cal Thomas , accused Hollywood of pushing a gay agenda with the film.
Gibson made jokes about the film on his Fox News Radio program for months after the film's release. After actor Heath Ledger died in January from a drug overdose, Gibson was widely criticized for mocking the deceased actor hours after the news broke. Gene Shalit , the film critic for The Today Show , described the character of Jack Twist as a " sexual predator " who "tracks Ennis down and coaxes him into sporadic trysts.
I certainly had no intention of casting aspersions on anyone in the gay community or on the community itself. I regret any emotional hurt that may have resulted from my review of Brokeback Mountain. Several conservative Christian groups, such as Concerned Women for America and Focus on the Family , strongly criticized the film, based on its subject matter, before its release. Following wins by Brokeback Mountain , Capote , and Transamerica at the Golden Globes , Janice Crouse, a Concerned Women for America member, cited these films as examples of how "the media elites are proving that their pet projects are more important than profit" and suggested that they were not popular enough to merit so much critical acclaim.
Some commentators suggested that the film's producers reduced or hid aspects of its content pertaining to characters' sexualities in advertising and in public events, such as press conferences and award ceremonies. Journalists, including New York Daily News writer Wayman Wong, Dave Cullen and Daniel Mendelsohn , complained that the film's director, lead actors, and publicity team avoided using the word gay to describe the story, and noted that the film's trailer did not show a kiss between the two male leads but did show a heterosexual love scene.
He claimed that the press kit had sought to conceal the theme of non-heterosexuality in the advertising campaign tagline, "Love is a force of nature", arguing that this was a betrayal of queerness. James Schamus , who assumed a leadership position at Focus Features, responded that "it is true that many reviewers contextualize their investment in the gay aspects of the romance by claiming that the characters' homosexuality is incidental to the film's achievements.
Quaid's publicist said he decided to drop the lawsuit after Focus Features agreed to pay him a bonus. Focus Features denies making such a settlement.
The American Humane Association raised concerns that animals were treated improperly during filming, alleging that sheep were handled roughly and that an elk appeared to have been "shot on cue. Supporters of the film engendered considerable discussion after the film Crash won the Academy Award for Best Picture. Michael Jensen noted that prior to the Oscar ceremony, Brokeback Mountain became "the most honored movie in cinematic history", [5] winning more Best Picture and Director awards than previous Oscar winners Schindler's List and Titanic combined.
He noted that, prior to Brokeback , no film that had won the Writers Guild, Directors Guild, and Producers Guild awards failed to win the Academy Award for Best Picture, and that only four times in the previous twenty-five years had the Best Picture winner not also been the film with the most nominations.
He also noted that only once before had a film that failed to be nominated for the Golden Globe's Best Picture Crash won the Academy Award. Annie Proulx wrote an essay expressing her extreme disappointment in the film not winning the Best Picture Award. She intimated that Scientologists had something to do with it, and that Philip Seymour Hoffman 's acting required less skill than that required of the actors in Brokeback Mountain. Some critics, notably Roger Ebert , defended the decision to award Crash Best Picture, arguing that the better film won. Brokeback Mountain won 71 awards and had an additional 52 nominations.
The film is one of several highly acclaimed LGBT-related films of to be nominated for critical awards; others include Breakfast on Pluto , Capote , Rent , and Transamerica. It was voted the top film involving homosexual relationships by readers at Thebacklot. This film is the first to be released the same day as both a DVD and a download available via the Internet. It was released in the United States on April 4, The film moved more than 1.
Other release dates are much later: France on July 19, , and Poland in September, a considerable time after the theater release in both countries. The film is credited with acting as a stepping stone for queer cinema into the mainstream. In Out at the Movies , Steven Paul Davies explains that as a result of the film's success, "most major film studios have been clamouring to get behind new, gay-themed projects The shirts were sold to benefit the children's charity Variety, long associated with the film industry. He described the shirts as "the ruby slippers of our time," referring to an artifact from The Wizard of Oz film.
The series included a gallery tour, panel discussions, lectures and performances, with events held in four installments over the course of 12 months.