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The United States adopted its recommendation for U. This date line is implied but not explicitly drawn on time zone maps. In reality, ships use these time zones only for radio communication and similar purposes. For internal purposes, such as work and meal hours, ships use a time zone of their own choosing.
The IDL on the map on this page and all other maps is based on the de facto line and is an artificial construct of cartographers, as the precise course of the line in international waters is arbitrary. Similarly, the western Aleutian Islands are islands of American date in a sea of Asian date. No international organization, nor any treaty between nations, has fixed the IDL drawn by cartographers: The conference resolved that the Universal Day, midnight-to-midnight Greenwich Mean Time now known as Coordinated Universal Time, or UTC , which it did agree to, "shall not interfere with the use of local or standard time where desirable".
ISO includes the ISO week date system, a numbering system for weeks — each week begins on a Monday and is associated with the year that contains that week's Thursday so that if a year starts in a long weekend Friday—Sunday, week number one of the year will start after that. The Aztecs and Mayas used the Mesoamerican calendars. This date line can be called de facto since it is not based on international law, but on national laws. However the designation of the seven days of the week to the seven planets is an innovation introduced in the time of Augustus. Should Old Acquaintance be forgot, and never thought upon; The flames of Love extinguished, and fully past and gone:
As part of New Spain , the Philippines long had its most important communication with Acapulco in Mexico and was accordingly on the east side of the IDL despite being at the far western edge of the Pacific Ocean. From to , the Philippines was one day behind its Asian neighbors Saturday, 16 March was the first European visit, when Ferdinand Magellan claimed the area for Spain; colonization began on Friday, 27 April After Mexico gained its independence from Spain in , Philippine trade interests turned to Imperial China , the Dutch East Indies and adjacent areas, so the Philippines decided to shift back to the west side of the IDL by removing Tuesday, 31 December from its calendar.
Western publications were generally unaware of this change until the early s, so erroneously gave the International Date Line a large western bulge for the next half century. The Russian Empire settled northwest North America from Siberia , from the west with its own Julian calendar it did not adopt the Gregorian calendar until The United States purchased Russian America while based in the contiguous United States , from the east with its own Gregorian calendar adopted in while several British colonies. Senator Charles Sumner stated during his three-hour ratification speech an encyclopedic discussion of Russian America on Tuesday, 9 April , that this day of the week and calendar discord should be changed.
Sitka mean solar time time zones were not yet in use , [13] that was the date and time that Alaska changed from an Asian and Julian date to an American and Gregorian date. If the transfer had occurred at the preceding midnight then Friday, 6 October Julian would have been followed by Friday, 18 October Gregorian , a duplicate day with a day difference appropriate both for changing from an Asian date to an American date equivalent to moving the IDL from the east to the west of Alaska and for changing from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar during the 19th century.
In that year, King Malietoa Laupepa was persuaded by American traders to adopt the American date three hours behind California to replace the former Asian date four hours ahead of Japan. Being 21 hours behind made business difficult because having weekends on backward days meant only four days of the week were shared workdays. Tokelau is a territory of New Zealand north of Samoa whose principal transportation and communications links with the rest of the world pass through Samoa.
Kwajalein atoll, like the rest of the Marshall Islands , passed from Spanish to German to Japanese control during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. During that period it was west of the IDL. Because of that, Kwajalein used the Hawaiian date, so was effectively east of the International Date Line unlike the rest of the Marshalls. Kwajalein returned to the west side of the IDL by removing Saturday, 21 August from its calendar to match the dates used by the rest of the Marshall Islands, at the request of its government. Along with the shift, Kwajalein's work week was changed to Tuesday through Saturday to match the Hawaiian work week of Monday through Friday on the other side of the IDL.
As a result, the country straddled the IDL. Government and commercial concerns on opposite sides of the line could only conduct routine business by radio or telephone on the four days of the week which were weekdays on both sides. To eliminate this anomaly, Kiribati introduced a change of date for its eastern half by removing Saturday, 31 December from its calendar. After the change, the IDL in effect moved eastwards to go around the entire country.
Strictly legal, the nautical IDL convention is still valid. When the land time zone says it's Monday, these islands would form enclaves of Monday in an ocean which has Sunday. Maps are usually not drawn this way. As a consequence of the change, Kiribati's easternmost territory, the Line Islands , including the inhabited island of Kiritimati Christmas Island , started the year before any other country, a feature the Kiribati government capitalized upon as a potential tourist draw.
Christmas for example, is celebrated on 25 December according to either the Gregorian or the Julian calendar , depending upon which of the two is used by the particular church as that date falls in countries located on either side of the Date Line. A problem with the general rule above arises in certain Christian churches that solemnly observe a Sabbath day as a particular day of the week, when those churches are located in countries near the Date Line.
Notwithstanding the difference in dates, the same sunrise happened over American Samoa as happens over Samoa a few minutes later, and the same sunset happens over Samoa as happened over American Samoa a few minutes earlier. In other words, the secular days are legally different but they are physically the same; and that causes questions to arise under religious law. Because the Date Line was an arbitrary imposition, the question can arise as to which Saturday on either side of the Date Line or, more fundamentally, on either side of degrees longitude is the "real" Saturday.
This issue which also arises in Judaism is a particular problem for Seventh Day Adventists, Seventh Day Baptists, and similar churches located in countries near the Date Line. Sunday as observed in Tonga as with Kiribati, Samoa, and parts of Fiji and Tuvalu is considered by the Seventh-day Adventist Church to be the same day as Saturday observed in most other places.
The Samoan Independent Seventh-day Adventist Church, which is not affiliated to the worldwide Seventh-day Adventist Church, has decided to continue worshiping on Saturday, after a six-day week at the end of In particular, the day for holding the Jumu'ah prayer appears to be local Friday everywhere in the world. The IDL is not a factor in the start and end of Islamic lunar months. These depend solely on sighting the new crescent moon. That this day may vary in different parts of the world is well known in Islam. The concept of an international date line in Jewish law is first mentioned by 12th-century decisors.
As a practical matter, the conventional International Date Line—or another line in the Pacific Ocean close to it—serves as a de facto date line for purposes of Jewish law, at least in existing Jewish communities. However, there is not unanimity as to how Jewish law reaches that conclusion.
Does it feel like you could do those things every single day? Well, of course not because you have to pay bills or go to school or do both. But even then, does. Back here in the real world, I have just 24 hours per day, and I'm 47, and it Not only does time in my own life seem to go faster every year, but.
For this reason, some authorities rule that certain aspects of Sabbath observance are required on Sunday in Japan and New Zealand or Friday in Hawaii and French Polynesia in addition to Saturday. Additionally, there are differences of opinion as to which day or days individual Jews traveling in the Pacific region away from established Jewish communities should observe Shabbat. For individuals crossing the date line, the change of calendar date influences some aspects of practice under Jewish law.
Yet other aspects depend on an individual's experience of sunsets and sunrises to count days, notwithstanding the calendar date. The date line is a central factor in Umberto Eco 's book The Island of the Day Before , in which the protagonist finds himself on a becalmed ship, with an island close at hand on the other side of the IDL. Unable to swim, the protagonist indulges in increasingly confused speculation regarding the physical, metaphysical and religious import of the date line. The main protagonist, Phileas Fogg , travels eastward around the world.
He had bet with his friends that he could do it in 80 days. To win the wager, Fogg must return by 8: It peaked at No. It was originally not going to be on the album, depending on how it was doing next to the other songs as the album was being written.
It was kind of toward the end [of recording] when people started listening to it. My friends, my manager started pointing at it, saying, 'That's the one you've got to go with. Speaking of the lyrics, Holland commented, "It's me observing that people have been going through a shitty time in the last few years, including myself. I just wanted to put some hope out there and say that no matter how bad it is, nobody's going to pick you up. You've got to do it yourself and there is hope and you're going to do it. Amy Sciarretto of Loudwire described it as "gimmick-free" and "a bit more contemplative, lyrically and comparatively speaking, as Holland ponders the then and the now.
Overall, it has the bouncy rock vibe of a Foo Fighters tune with the added sprinkle of the Offspring's American punk rock flavor. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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