To live a direct experience for those who will let the world know about the Wonder Walks, the wonderful places that host them and the genuine welcome typical of these places. We present to the market a great Italian tourist product: Via di Francesco North. Via Francesco di Romagna. Via di Francesco South. Cammino di San Benedetto. Join to the Newsletter. Fundamentally, whosoever sets out on a walk, does so to effect change, no matter the name by which this transformation is described by.
For this reason a good guide is one that is also interested in the inner journey of the people being accompanied. Walking you can get away, farther than you think. Whether attributed to destiny, predestination or Fortune especially as she is redefined in Inf.
Dante uses dramatic moments of surprise in the encounter of Brunetto in Inferno 15 and in the reversal of expectation in the minor catalog of shades in Inferno 6 in order to spark the imagination of contemporary readers. It is in Paradiso , however, that the technique of unanticipated disclosure holds more profound implications: Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University, , p.
The first is the institutional practice of a chosen philosophy of education. The second is the technologies that have afforded the facilitation of information production, consumption and distribution-essential processes of education. Taking advantage of major reform opportunities in educational practice, made possible by an emerging digital information system, the current trend in education tends to relinquish the long tradition of philosophy of education and embraces the cultivation of a reflective and productive citizenry through education.
However, by looking at the ways in which the technologies of their time constrained or enabled the imaginations of our most influential philosophers of education Plato, Rousseau and Dewey , we will better understand how real technologies and ideal philosophies are necessarily related. With such knowledge, we may inform our educational reform alternatives with the goal of developing a democratic citizenry through education. In no way, is this dissertation meant to provide specific recommendations for educational reform, though the Digital Dante case study illustrates some possible reform alternatives.
Rather, it is meant to demonstrate the ways in which technology and philosophy, educational institutions and industry and K and higher education are all necessary players in the goal of creating a new form of civic education. It originally appeared in Dante Studies 94 , Discusses some of the underlying principles and motivating factors of their new translation of the Inferno see above under Translations and present two passages from Cantos 24 and Essays in Honor of Robert O. Payne , edited by John M. Hill and Deborah M. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, , pp.
There is ultimately no polarity between poetry and theology in Dante: Images of Quattrocento Florence: Selected Writings in Literature, History, and Art. Preface by Giuseppe Mazzotta. Italian Literature and Thought Series. The collective nature of these accounts and impressions from people from the period offer a wide range of observations of diverse cultural and social trends, not to mention the growing propaganda of the Florentine Together, the documents demonstrate the social, political, religious, and cultural impact Florence had in shaping the Italian and European Renaissance, and they reveal how Florence created, developed, and diffused the mythology of its own origins and glory.
The Body in the Commedia. Dante, too, struggles with the concrete and abstract implications of the interim between death and the resurrection of the body. In Hell, the resumption of flesh is presented negatively, as an increase in pain for the damned. At the same time, Solomon implies that the body acts as a signifier of human affective history. Jacoff concludes with a contradiction: Dante, Virgil, and the Ironies of Instruction. The Florentine poet once again reveals his own ambivalence about his teachers. Virgil is not the visionary of the Roman Empire as much as the pagan teacher who can never reach paradise.
A Historical and Bibliographical Study. Gardens in Florence, at Fiesole, and at Castello: In particular, I show that the aesthetic paradigms that governed the designs of the fifteenth and sixteenth century, Medici family gardens in Florence, at Fiesole, and at Castello were derived from artistic, poetical, and rhetorical traditions as well as from practical and religious ones.
Language and Desire in the Middle Ages. Doctoral dissertation, New York University, , p. It is structured in the form of an interlacing of three textual chapters related to the Middle Ages and two theoretical sections. In the first chapter, I explore the relationship between the two Words of God the Word in Principio and the Word Made Flesh and the two words of man interior and exterior word. I then propose an understanding of syntax—which describes in turn the creative act of God in the Universe; Christ, the syntax of history; and the underlying structure of human speech—as a collaboration between time and eternity.
I finally detect, within syntax, a notion of desire as a drive toward stillness and termination. Desire becomes central in the chapter on Dante ch. I then trace, within the Divine Comedy , the interconnected maps of language as mere sound in Inferno , sign in Purgatorio and pure meaning in Paradiso and of desire as drive toward communication and as structural notion. European Romantic Identity and the Question of Dante. Doctoral dissertation, Yale University, , p. Chapters Three to Five trace respectively how this question of Dante stimulated intense debate in and around the autobiographical writings of Vittorio Alfieri, William Wordsworth, and Ugo Foscolo.
As aesthetic response became less disinterested and more laden with experiential value, the models of personal identity in literary texts shaped how writers constructed their histories of the self. Dante figured prominently in this process of self-representation: In altre parole, secondo Masciandaro, Francesca non segue lo stesso itinerario simbologgiato dal Po e descritto nei vv.
Le descrizioni paesaggistiche contenute in Inf. Nei versi che descrivono il paesaggio in cui nacque Cunizza Par. Discusses the impact of John Freccero as a teacher and scholar, situating his contributions within the larger intellectual context of nineteenth- and twentieth-century thought. In particular, he meditates on the changes in the nature of Dante scholarship in the United States since the establishment of Dante Studies as a professional journal Mazzotta notes the tension in the profession as North American scholarship tends to favor allegoresis over the historical-philological readings more typical of traditional European criticism.
On the simplest level, Beatrice is saying that the diurnal motion of the Primo Mobile , the complete revolution that constitutes one day, is the fundamental measure of time; it provides the natural base unit of temporal measure. But it is also the origin and measure of time in the sense that it imparts diurnal motion to all other spheres, since it is the origin of all motion, change, and alteration in the physical world. As naturally as fronds grow from the hidden roots of a plant, time is born out of the unity and simple causal motion of the Primo Mobile. Aristotle located the universal measure of time in the cyclic and eternal evolution of the spheres, and by implication in the perfectly simple motion of the first-moved sphere, the Primo Mobile.
Two and five are highly symbolic numbers in medieval tradition. Garland, , pp. In its simplest form, the revelation is that the kingdom of heaven lies within; to seek any good as other is already to have lost it. A good can therefore be lost only by a failure to know oneself; it can be regained only by sacrificing false self-conceptions. The fresco fragment portraying hell that was found behind an altar in the church of Santa Croce in has traditionally by Ghiberti and Vasari been attributed to Andrea Orcagna. More recently, however, that attribution has been widely disputed.
Studies the structural patterns within the eighth circle of hell which prefigure the cosmic patterns in Paradise. According to Nohrnberg, Dante anticipates Paradiso through allusions, imagery and metaphors which are found running throughout the Inferno. The author focuses, however, on the circle of fraud for his discussion. The bridges over the pits are described as spokes on a wheel, thereby presenting the image of a circle divided up into equally sized quadrants; these divisions, the scholar argues, mimic the zodiacal divisions of the heavens.
In the first bolgia , the sinners run in opposite directions, mimicking the action of sun as it travels backwardly in relationship to the fixed stars. He thus asserts that in the first bolgia , the seducers are the inner-most circle of sinners they are a type of liar while the panders are the outer-most circle they have sinned against the institution of the family. In his brief remarks, Norton pays tribute to the first president of the Dante Society of America, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, who had passed away less than two months before.
Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. Fields, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. Deittici e cultura popolare. In three passages from Inferno In the first case, Dante adheres to the popular condemnation of sodomy, but the adverb qui , instead of indicating the painful surprise for the sin of Brunetto, delivers the profound respect of the pilgrim in the affectionate gesture of identification. Yet, while this is traditionally the principle applied to any condemned soul, Dante appears to acknowledge the topos only in this passage of the Inferno.
It originally appeared in Dante Studies 97 , Doctoral dissertation, The University of Utah, , p. I use psychoanalytic and feminist theories to interpret the male anxieties toward women and death reflected in the mental images of these authors and to elucidate the content, context, and implications of their creations. My examination demonstrates that the selected writers take advantage of male fears of women and death—phenomena that leave the men here powerless—to empower their writing subjects, by turning the tragic loss of a lady into a great psychological and literary benefit.
Ultimately, this study shows that, in many senses, the birth of the early modern male poet revolves around the death of the beautiful young woman. University of Pennsylvania Press, , pp. In the Commedia , Dante claims authority that draws on the biblical apocalyptic tradition but that ultimately surpasses it, as he is able to see and speak things hidden to Saints Paul and John.
Considers the pedagogical advantages, especially for the non-specialist, of teaching the Vita nuova before exposing students to the Divine Comedy. Among the meaningful similarities that can be drawn between the two texts are a tripartite division, the use of Beatrice as a Christ figure, a symbolic descent into hell chapter 23 in the Vita nuova , the transformation of misguided love, a non-heroic protagonist and the use of allusive names and numbers. A Comparative Study of Narrative Techniques. Doctoral dissertation, University of Toronto, , p. The first part is concerned with the Ovidian influence on the microtextual level, that is, with the way in which Dante implements Ovidian themes in specific passages and for particular, local purposes.
The second chapter, introducing the second part of the thesis, deals with semiotic concepts focusing on the general problem of literary repetition and self-exegesis in an epic poem. The third chapter shows how Ovid himself used the device of repetition and variation on given themes, derived from his juridical training, for the purpose of granting thematic unity and consistency of tone to his unprecedented literary undertaking. The fourth chapter highlights how many passages of the Comedy are likewise connected to each other delineating sequentially significant patterns devoted to the goal of self-exegesis.
All the entries have been sorted out and arranged systematically according to the succession of the canticles and the chronological order of the commentators. Doctoral dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, , p.
By examining the relationship between the two writers chronologically, this study reveals the dynamic qualities of the relationship as it developed. Additionally, this dissertation emphasizes didacticism in the four works studied the Tesoretto , the Rettorica , the Convivio , and the Divina Commedia particularly the didactic stance of the authors as they consciously represent themselves as teachers. Within this context, it examines the function of the first person narrator, the construction of narrative authority, and authorial self-representation in general.
The result of this analysis is a significant revision of both our understanding of the works of Brunetto Latini and of the relationship between Dante and Latini. In Inferno 30 Dante-pilgrim reaches the tenth bolgia , the innermost ring of the eighth circle, where the sin of fraudulence is punished. While narrating his journey through Lower Hell in this part of the Comedy , Dante-poet stages the threat of his errant mimesis, of losing contact with his own truth claims. This threat is conveyed in a twofold manner: These sinners falsified their own identity and that of those they imitated.
The text of the Comedy , unlike the illegitimate texts created by the imitators and mimes of Canto 30, is not a seamless, sealed-off, self-referential construct; it is self-interrupting and self-disrupting. For Tertullian, the formula for the redemption of theatrical performance was the spectacle of the crucifixion; for Dante the locus of this redemption is found in the Garden of Eden, the place of the Golden Age, the place where Dante-pilgrim will appear as the new Adam.
Singleton examines the structural parallels between the Commedia and the biblical book of Exodus. In the exegetical tradition, Exodus represented the palimpsest of conversion from sin to salvation. Singleton examines the language of the first canto, noting the ways in which Dante recollects the exile of the ancient Hebrews.
The elements are indications that the dangerous passage has been completed and that the pilgrim is arriving at the promised land. Humanism, Dante, and the House of Fame. Nevertheless, in his rejection of Petrarch and petrarchisti , Chaucer can still be viewed as somewhat independent of Italian models. Memory, Metaphor, and the Drive toward Intellection.
The article examines the numerous instances of recollecting previously narrated episodes or of anticipating episodes yet to come in the Comedy.
Wilkins counts over one hundred instances of Dante renarrating previously described events. In many of these instances, Dante provides supplementary information thereby filling out the picture of the event. For example, in Canto 16 of Inferno , the reader finds out that the pilgrim had attempted to catch the lonza with the cord around his waist; Dante had mentioned no such actions during Canto 1.
Wilkins concludes that, despite the long amount of time required to compose the Comedy , Dante had the whole poem in his mind as a single unity. E per questo le chiama Boezio, in quello De Consolatione, pericolose, dicendo: E a maggiore testimonianza di questa imperfezione, ecco Boezio in quello De Consolatione dicente: Veramente qui surge in dubbio una questione, da non trapassare sanza farla e rispondere a quella.
Puotesi vedere la loro possessione essere dannosa per due ragioni: Onde Boezio nel medesimo libro dice: E per questo modo disputasi e ripruovasi contra le ricchezze per la presente canzone. E questa riprovagione si fa in quella parte che comincia: Dove manifestamente pone lo primo uomo uno solo essere stato. E soggiugne la canzone: E dico sani non sanza cagione. E per costoro dice Salomone ne li Proverbii: E di questa infertade de la mente intende la legge, quando lo Inforzato dice: Convienesi [ora] procedere al trattato de la veritade, secondo la divisione fatta nel terzo capitolo di questo trattato.
Questa seconda parte adunque, che comincia: La prima parte ha due parti ancora: Questa perfezione intende lo Filosofo nel settimo de la Fisica quando dice: E dice e comincia adunque: Queste sono undici vertudi dal detto Filosofo nomate. Dico che nobiltate in sua ragione. E questa si vuole in due parti reducere: E rende essemplo ne li colori, dicendo: E non paia troppo alto dire ad alcuno, quando si dice: Al cor gentil ripara sempre Amore.
Veramente per diversi filosofi de la differenza de le nostre anime fue diversamente ragionato: Oh buone biade e buona e ammirabile sementa!
E dividesi questa parte in due: Ubidente, soave e vergognosa. E comincia la seconda parte: In giovinezza, temperata e forte; la terza comincia: E ne la sua senetta; la quarta comincia: Poi ne la quarta parte de la vita. E muovemi questa ragione: Veramente questo arco non pur per mezzo si distingue da le scritture; ma, seguendo le quattro combinazioni de le contrarie qualitadi che sono ne la nostra composizione, a le quali pare essere appropriata, dico a ciascuna, una parte de la nostra etade, in quattro parti si divide, e chiamansi quattro etadi. Ritornando al proposito, dico che la umana vita si parte per quattro etadi.
Avemo dunque che la gioventute nel quarantacinquesimo anno si compie. E io credo che se Cristo fosse stato non crucifisso, e fosse vivuto lo spazio che la sua vita poteva secondo natura trapassare, elli sarebbe a li ottantuno anno di mortale corpo in etternale transmutato. Rispondo che non fia quella obedienza, ma transgressione: E se alcuno calunniasse: E poi deono essere obediti maestri e maggiori, c[ui] in alcuno modo pare dal padre, o da quelli che loco paterno tiene, essere commesso.
Dico che per vergogna io intendo tre passioni necessarie al fondamento de la nostra vita buona: E tutte e tre queste sono necessarie a questa etade per questa ragione: E tutte queste cose fanno le passioni sopra dette, che vergogna volgarmente sono chiamate. Oh quanti falli rifrena esto pudore! Per che bene appare, vergogna essere necessaria in quella etade. E non pure obedienza, soavitade e vergogna la nobile natura in questa etade dimostra, ma dimostra bellezza e snellezza nel corpo; come dice lo testo quando dice: E sua persona adorna.
In giovinezza, temperata e forte. Puotesi considerare secondo che ha rispetto a noi medesimi: Per che appare a questa etade necessario essere amare, come lo testo dice. E basti che esso seguiti la legge, e in quella seguitare si diletti: E veramente queste quattro vertudi a questa etade sono convenientissime. Potrebbe qui dire alcuno medico o legista: Oh misera, misera patria mia! Udite, ostinati, che dice Tullio contro a voi nel libro de li Offici: Conviensi anche a questa etade essere affabile, ragionare lo bene, e quello udire volontieri: Onde dice Tullio in quello De Senectute, in persona di Catone vecchio: Mostra che esso fosse giusto, quando dice che esso fu partitore a nuovo popolo e distributore de la terra diserta sua.
Mostra che fosse largo, quando disse a Cefalo dopo la dimanda de lo aiuto: Ahi quante cose sono da notare in questa risposta! Ma a buono intenditore basti essere posto qui come Ovidio lo pone. Mostra che fosse affabile, quando dice e ritrae per lungo sermone a Cefalo la istoria de la pestilenza del suo popolo diligentemente, e lo ristoramento di quello. Odi che dice Tullio, in persona di Catone vecchio: Bene questi nobili calaro le vele de le mondane operazioni, che ne la loro lunga etade a religione si rendero, ogni mondano diletto e opera disponendo.
E fa come lo buono mercatante, che, quando viene presso al suo porto, essamina lo suo procaccio e dice: E che dice Marzia a Catone? Potrebbe dire ser Manfredi da Vico, che ora Pretore si chiama e Prefetto: Poi appresso, a questo cotale dice: Per che non onore ma disonore dee ricevere quelli che a li buoni mala testimonianza porta.
E questo basti, al presente, a la prima questione che si movea. Come di sopra nel terzo capitolo di questo trattato si dimostra, questa canzone ha tre parti principali. E questo intendo, non come buono fabricatore ma come seguitatore di quello, fare in questa parte. E dico ad essa: Felice Le Monnier,