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Rhino shot dead by poachers at French zoo

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Rhino Thandi and her calf Thembi carry a message of hope

Northern white rhino: Last male Sudan dies in Kenya

Rhino Thandi and her calf Thembi carry a message of hope

I hope some of the ideas, concepts, methods, knowledge and skills obtained in the course of rhino conservation will prove useful to the policy makers, planners and conservation activists of the world with regard to the conservation of rare and endangered wildlife species. About Help Blog Jobs Welcome to our new website. Benton Richard Fortey View All. Go to British Wildlife. Go to Conservation Land Management. Save the Rhino Foundation Nepal. Click to have a closer look. About this book Customer reviews Related titles. About this book Language: English From the preface: Horses of the World.

Saving the Pryor Mountain Mustang. Farewell to the Horse. Equine Learning and Behaviour. Two-thirds of the world's Indian rhinoceroses are now confined to the Kaziranga National Park situated in the Golaghat district of Assam , India. The Javan rhinoceros Rhinoceros sondaicus is one of the most endangered large mammals in the world. It is also the least known rhino species. Like the closely related, and larger, Indian rhinoceros , the Javan rhino has a single horn.

Its hairless, hazy gray skin falls into folds into the shoulder, back, and rump, giving it an armored appearance. Its length reaches 3. Though once widespread throughout Asia, by the s they were nearly hunted to extinction in Nepal , India , Burma , Peninsular Malaysia , and Sumatra for the supposed medical powers of their horns and blood.

The last known Javan rhino in Vietnam was reportedly killed for its horn in by Vietnamese poachers.

Now only Java contains the last Javan rhinos. The Sumatran rhinoceros Dicerorhinus sumatrensis is the smallest extant rhinoceros species, as well as the one with the most hair. It can be found at very high altitudes in Borneo and Sumatra. Due to habitat loss and poaching , their numbers have declined and it has become the most threatened rhinoceros.

About Sumatran rhinos are believed to remain. There are three subspecies of Sumatran rhinoceros: A mature rhino typically stands about 1. Like the African species, it has two horns; the larger is the front 25—79 centimetres 9. Males have much larger horns than the females. Hair can range from dense the densest hair in young calves to sparse. The color of these rhinos is reddish brown. The body is short and has stubby legs. The lip is prehensile. Sumatran rhinoceros are on the verge of extinction due to loss of habitat and illegal hunting.

Northern white rhino: Last male Sudan dies in Kenya

Once they were spread across South-east Asia, but now they are confined to several parts of Indonesia and Malaysia due to reproductive isolation. There were D. It has been found through DNA comparison that the Sumatran rhinoceros is the most ancient extant rhinoceros and related to the extinct Eurasian woolly rhino species, Coelodonta. In Alan Rabinowitz publicly denounced governments, NGOs, and other institutions for lacking in their attempts to conserve the Sumatran rhinoceros. To conserve it, they would have to relocate them from small forests to breeding programs that could monitor their breeding success.

To boost reproduction, the Malaysian and Indonesian governments could also agree to exchange the gametes of the Sumatran and smaller Bornean subspecies. The Indonesian and Malaysian governments have also proposed a single management unit for these two ancient subspecies.

Plantations for palm oil have taken out the living areas and led to the eradication of the rhino in Sumatra. Rhinocerotoids diverged from other perissodactyls by the early Eocene. Fossils of Hyrachyus eximus found in North America date to this period. This small hornless ancestor resembled a tapir or small horse more than a rhino.

Three families, sometimes grouped together as the superfamily Rhinocerotoidea , evolved in the late Eocene, namely the Hyracodontidae, Amynodontidae and Rhinocerotidae. Hyracodontidae , also known as "running rhinos", showed adaptations for speed, and would have looked more like horses than modern rhinos. The smallest hyracodontids were dog-sized; the largest was Paraceratherium , one of the largest known land mammals that ever existed.

The hornless Paraceratherium was almost seven metres high, ten metres long, and weighed as much as 15 tons. Like a giraffe , it ate leaves from trees. Hyracodontids spread across Eurasia from the mid-Eocene to early Miocene. The Amynodontidae, also known as "aquatic rhinos", dispersed across North America and Eurasia , from the late Eocene to early Oligocene.

The amynodontids were hippopotamus -like in their ecology and appearance, inhabiting rivers and lakes, and sharing many of the same adaptations to aquatic life as hippos. The family of all modern rhinoceros, the Rhinocerotidae, first appeared in the Late Eocene in Eurasia.

The earliest members of Rhinocerotidae were small and numerous; at least 26 genera lived in Eurasia and North America until a wave of extinctions in the middle Oligocene wiped out most of the smaller species. However, several independent lineages survived. Menoceras , a pig-sized rhinoceros, had two horns side-by-side. The North American Teleoceras had short legs, a barrel chest and lived until about 5 million years ago. The last rhinos in the Americas became extinct during the Pliocene.

Rhino horns!
Lesson Plan A Thousand Acres by Jane Smiley;
Facts About Rhinos;
Four Years Since Triple Rhino Poaching.
Northern white rhino: Last male Sudan dies in Kenya - BBC News;
RRC: Four years for the rhino : an experience of anti-poaching.
Conservation status.

Modern rhinos are thought to have begun dispersal from Asia during the Miocene. Two species survived the most recent period of glaciation and inhabited Europe as recently as 10, years ago: The woolly rhinoceros appeared in China around 1 million years ago and first arrived in Europe around , years ago. It reappeared , years ago, alongside the woolly mammoth , and became numerous.

Elasmotherium was two meters tall, five meters long and weighed around five tons, with a single enormous horn, hypsodont teeth and long legs for running.

Both the Coelodonta and Elasmotherium survived through the late Pleistocene when climate fluctuations, increased predation by newer predators such as hyenas and human hunting led to their extinction. Of the extant rhinoceros species, the Sumatran rhino is the most archaic, first emerging more than 15 million years ago.

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The Sumatran rhino was closely related to the woolly rhinoceros, but not to the other modern species. The Indian and Javan rhinos are closely related and form a more recent lineage of Asian rhino. The ancestors of early Indian and Javan rhino diverged 2—4 million years ago. The origin of the two living African rhinos can be traced to the late Miocene 6 mya species Ceratotherium neumayri. The lineages containing the living species diverged by the early Pliocene 1. Adult rhinoceros have no real predators in the wild, other than humans.

Young rhinos can however fall prey to big cats , crocodiles , African wild dogs , and hyenas. Although rhinos are large and have a reputation for being tough, they are very easily poached; they visit water holes daily and can be easily killed while they drink. As of December , poaching increased globally while efforts to protect the rhino are considered increasingly ineffective. South African officials have called for urgent action against poaching after poachers killed the last female rhino in the Krugersdorp Game Reserve near Johannesburg.

The Namibian government has supported the practice of rhino trophy hunting as a way to raise money for conservation. Hunting licenses for five Namibian Black rhinos are auctioned annually, with the money going to the government's Game Products Trust Fund. Some conservationists and members of the public however oppose or question this practice. However, that ban was overturned in a court case in , and South Africa plans to draft regulations for the sale of rhino horn, possibly including export for "non-commercial purposes". Rhinoceros horns, unlike those of other horned mammals, which have a bony core , only consist of keratin , similar to human hair and nails.

Rhinoceros horns are used in traditional medicines in parts of Asia, and for dagger handles in Yemen and Oman. Esmond Bradley Martin has reported on the trade for dagger handles in Yemen. The Vietnamese are currently the biggest consumers of rhino horn, and their demand drives most of the poaching, which has risen to record levels. In , the Register of Chinese Herbal Medicine in the United Kingdom issued a formal statement condemning the use of rhinoceros horn.

In March , some researchers suggested that the only way to reduce poaching would be to establish a regulated trade based on humane and renewable harvesting from live rhinos. To prevent poaching, in certain areas, rhinos have been tranquillized and their horns removed. Armed park rangers, particularly in South Africa, are also working on the front lines to combat poaching, sometimes killing poachers who are caught in the act.

A recent spike in rhino killings has made conservationists concerned about the future of the species. Because of the high pressure on the animals' internal organs from their large body weight, workers turn them every seven minutes while they're sedated. Because of the fibrous nature of rhino horn, the pressurized dye infuses the interior of the horn but does not color the surface or affect rhino behavior.

Depending on the quantity of horn a person consumes, experts believe the acaricide would cause nausea, stomach-ache, and diarrhea, and possibly convulsions, depending on the quantity. It would not be fatal—the primary deterrent is the knowledge that the treatment has been applied, communicated by signs posted at the refuges.

The original idea grew out of research into the horn as a reservoir for one-time tick treatments, and experts selected an acaricide they think is safe for the rhino, oxpeckers , vultures , and other animals in the preserve's ecosystem. The UK charity organization Save the Rhino has criticized horn poisoning on moral and practical grounds. The organization questions the assumptions that the infusion technique works as intended, and that even if the poison were effective, whether middlemen in a lucrative, illegal trade would care much about the effect it would have on buyers on another continent.

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On March 20, , the conservancy announced the death of the last male northern white rhino , Sudan. The last rhinos in the Americas became extinct during the Pliocene. Exceptional customer service Get specialist help and advice. During the rare times when they aren't eating, they can be found enjoying a cooling mud soak. Black rhinos, white rhinos and Sumatran rhinos have two horns.

Another way to undercut the rhinoceros horn market has been suggested by Matthew Markus of Pembient , a biotechnology firm. He proposes the synthesis of an artificial substitute for rhinoceros horn. Greek historian and geographer Agatharchides 2nd century BC mentions the rhinoceros in his book On the Erythraean Sea.

There are legends about rhinoceroses stamping out fire in Burma , India , and Malaysia. The mythical rhinoceros has a special name in Malay , badak api , wherein badak means rhinoceros, and api means fire. The animal would come when a fire was lit in the forest and stamp it out. This legend was depicted in the film The Gods Must Be Crazy , which shows an African rhinoceros putting out two campfires. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

What can you do to help stop rhino poaching?

For other uses, see Rhinoceros disambiguation and Rhino disambiguation. The five extant species. The white rhinoceros is actually grey. The black rhinoceros has a beak shaped lip and is similar in color to the white rhinoceros. The Indian rhinoceros has a single horn. Smaller in size than the Indian rhinoceros, the Javan rhinoceros also has a single horn. The Sumatran rhinoceros is the smallest of the rhino species. A wine vessel in the form of a bronze rhinoceros with silver inlay, from the Western Han BC — 9 AD period of China , sporting a saddle on its back.

Rhinoceros depicted on a wall of the Chauvet Cave in France, ca. Media related to Rhinoceroses in art at Wikimedia Commons. Abada Clara List of fictional pachyderms Rhinoceros of Versailles. The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Archived from the original on 28 September Retrieved 23 September The Journal of Heredity.

Retrieved 9 November Retrieved on 21 February World Association of Zoos and Aquariums. Archived from the original on 16 July Retrieved 9 October Archived from the original on 22 February Retrieved 25 February International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 28 November