Connor & James and The Case of the Beetle Stone

---

Among the tested plants, Humulus lupulus extract has been proven by Gokce et al. The essential oils of Mentha longifolia Rafiee-Dastjerdi et al. Terpenes are a large and diverse class of organic compounds, produced by a variety of plants, particularly conifers. Several studies have shown that some of the monoterpens have potential for L. Transgenic Plants Transgenic potatoes expressing the gene for B. In , transgenic potato varieties expressing the Cry3A toxin were planted on approximately 20, hectares in the USA.

Invasive Species Compendium

Although these transgenic potato varieties are highly toxic to Colorado potato beetle Perlak et al. An additional factor contributing to this decline was competition from new, conventional insecticides that controlled a broader spectrum of potato pests. The future role of transgenic potato varieties in the Colorado potato beetle management is currently uncertain, despite their effectiveness and considerable evidence that they have no significant effect on populations of natural enemies Hoy et al.

Transgenic lines of aubergine expressing the Cry3A endotoxin Hamilton et al. Because of the potential that Colorado potato beetle will develop resistance to the Cry3A endotoxin if these transgenic potato varieties are widely planted, significant effort has been directed towards the development of resistance management strategies for transgenic potatoes. Proposed resistance management strategies for potato focus on using varieties that express a high dose of the toxin in conjunction with plantings of refuge areas of non-transgenic potato or other hosts in which beetles are not controlled.

The level of toxin expressed should be high enough to kill any individuals that are heterozygous for resistance alleles. The size and location of refuge plantings must be such that any homozygous resistant beetles selected on the transgenic crop mate with homozygous susceptible beetles produced in the refuge. The progeny of such matings would be heterozygous for the resistance allele and would be killed if they fed on the transgenic crop. Strategies for managing resistance to transgenic potatoes are discussed by Gould et al.

They explored the possibility for prohiobitin-1 silencing in L.

Survival of third instars on the Bt-Cry3A with avidin was significantly reduced after 3 days compared with survival on the Bt-Cry3A, suggesting the addition of avidin may increase susceptibility to Bt-Cry3A. The Colorado potato beetle spiroplasma CPBS appears to be host genus -specific and is transmitted among larvae and adults during regurgitation and defecation.

However, researchers have adopted a strategy to engineer spiroplasma with an insect-lethal gene because the spiroplasma appears to be a commensal Hackett et al. The delta-endotoxin gene for B. This system would allow multiplication and spread of the genetically-engineered microorganism throughout the crop in contrast to direct treatment of beetles with the Btt beta-endotoxin. Feeding RNA interference RNAi successfully triggered the silencing of all five target genes tested and caused significant mortality and reduced body weight gain in the treated beetles.

This study provides the first example of an effective RNAi response in insects after feeding dsRNA produced in bacteria. The obtained results suggest that the efficient induction of RNAi using bacteria to deliver dsRNA is a possible method for management of L. This method is still in the experimental stage. Host-Plant Resistance The incorporation of varietal resistance to Colorado potato beetle has emphasised the transfer of resistance traits to S.

Emphasis has been placed on resistance derived from Solanum berthaultii , which is mediated in large part by glandular trichomes on the foliage Yencho et al. Potato breeding lines with resistance to potato beetle have been released Plaisted et al. Other potentially valuable mechanisms of resistance have been identified as well for example, Balbyshev and Lorenzen, Chemical Control Chemical insecticides have constituted the primary method of control for Colorado potato beetle for much of its history as a pest of potato.

However, the extraordinary ability of the beetle to develop resistance to virtually all insecticides used to control it has led repeated control failures in many areas Casagrande, ; Georghiou and Lagunes-Tejeda, ; Bishop and Grafius, The commercialisation of several new insecticides with novel modes of action, which are effective in controlling Colorado potato beetle populations resistant to organophosphate, carbamate, chlorinated hydrocarbon and pyrethroid insecticides has restored the ability to control the beetle with insecticides in areas most severely affected by resistance.

In the past 60 years L. Up to fold resistance to imidacloprod was reported in adult L. Because of the importance of insecticides in managing Colorado potato beetle in commercial potato production, great emphasis has been placed on the development of procedures for managing resistance. Key processes involved in adaptation of Colorado potato beetle populations to insecticides have been explored using simulation models Follett et al. Resistance management efforts for Colorado potato beetle focus primarily on using pest management procedures, including crop rotation, scouting and action thresholds to minimize the use of insecticides in conjunction with resistance monitoring and rotations of insecticides having different modes of action Kennedy and French, ; Grafius, ; Midgarden et al.

A computerized approach to insecticide management for the Colorado potato beetle has been used in commercial potato fields on the eastern shore of Virginia, USA Vencill et al. The Potato-Insect Expert System PIES uses insect life stages, potato growth stage, percentage defoliation and other factors to determine whether the application of insecticide is necessary to prevent tuber yield loss.

Tuber yields were not significantly different between the two methods, although on average PIES recommended fewer insecticide applications than the conventional method. SIMLEP 1 is a regional forecasting model for the first occurrence of hibernating beetles and the start of egg laying.

Integrated Pest Management IPM programs for potato emphasize reducing insect pest populations by using a number of measures against the pest, including crop rotation, altered planting dates to avoid peak pest populations , and use of B. IPM systems seek to maximise the impact of naturally occurring biological control in suppressing potato beetle populations Hazzard et al. One such management system is described by Ferro The suggestion of adding sub lethal dosages of chemical insecticides to biological insecticides in order to improve their efficacy was raised by Kovacevic and was later discussed by Benz Some investigations showed that the combinations of the subnormal dosages of some insecticides could result in the improved efficacy of B.

If the combinations of insecticides at lower dosages are used, various benefits could be expected Igrc Barcic et al. In field trials one application of a combination of reduced spinosad and B. Adding the low dose of spinosad to B. No synergistic effect between the insecticides was noted; the joint actions of combinations were mainly described as independent synergism. Even with the independent synergism the combinations could be recommended for use if they had some advantages over other possibilities for the control of L.

Considerable effort has been directed toward enhancing naturally occurring biological control through augmentative releases of predators and parasitoids. In research plots releases of nymphs of Perillus bioculatus , either alone or in combination with weekly or less frequent applications of B. In Quebec, Canada, inundative releases of P. Releases of the parasitoid Edovum puttleri were a critical component in the management of insecticide resistant potato beetles in aubergine in New Jersey, USA.

However, the programme was expensive and has been largely discontinued following the introduction of new insecticides highly effective against potato beetle populations resistant to traditional insecticides. Phytosanitary Measures Countries at risk should require that consignments of any plants or plant products be found free from L. Plantesygdomme i Danmark, 71 pp. Effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora on the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae under laboratory and greenhouse conditions.

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 43 Colorado beetle -- recent work in preventing its establishment in Britain. Factors regulating the fecundity of the Colorado beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata in the north-eastern part of Azerbaidzhan. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 59 3: Suppression of Colorado potato beetle infestation by pheromone-mediated augmentation of the predatory spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris Say Heteroptera: Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 1 3: Colorado potato beetle resistance to insecticides.

Berry to Speak June 26; Dalton to Receive O'Connor Award

American Journal of Potato Research, 85 6: Resistance and cross-resistance to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Pest Management Science, 63 1: Electrophoretic confirmation of sperm mixing in mated Colorado potato beetles Coleoptera: Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 92 2: Chips are down for killer potato.

New Scientist, The Colorado potato-bug - its past history and future progress. The American Entomologist, 1: Canadian Insect Pest Review, 28, map p. Report of the working party for co-operation on Colorado beetle control, Paris, November Arnaud PH Jr, A host-parasite catalog of North American Tachinidae Diptera. Production of transgenic eggplant Solanum melongena L.

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 95 3: Status and prospects of the study of entomopathogenic fungi in the USSR. National Technological Information Service, Fecundity, fertility, and longevity of mated and unmated spined soldier bug females. Journal of Agricultural Entomology, 2 4: Hypersensitivity and egg drop: Journal of Economic Entomology, 90 2: Combinations of several insecticides used for integrated control of Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Say.

Journal of Pest Science, 79 4: Interception and eradication of colorado beetle in England and Wales, Susceptibility of the Colorado beetle to microbial preparations. Acta Entomologica Lituanica, 8: Joint action of ecologically acceptable insecticides for the Colorado Potato Beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, Coleoptera: Bejer B, Esbjerg P, Injurious insects in and Entomologiske Meddelelser, 47 3: Effect of artificial honeydews on insect communities in potato fields.

Environmental Entomology, 5 3: Synergism of micro-organisms and chemical insecticides. Microbial Control of Insects and Mites. Ucinkovitost boljnih insekticida u suzbijanju krumpirove zlatice Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, Coleoptera: Bishop BA, Grafius E, An on-farm insecticide resistance test kit for Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: American Potato Journal, 68 1: Insecticide resistance in the Colorado potato beetle.

Chrysomelidae biology, volume 1. SPB Academic Publishing, Phytosanitary status of field crop plants in the Satu-Mare district in the year Probleme de Protectia Plantelor, 12 2: Boiteau G, Coleman W, Cold tolerance in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Canadian Entomologist, 6: Evaluation of vacuum collector for insect pest-control in potato. American Potato Journal, Comparison of plastic-lined trenches and extruded plastic traps for controlling Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Canadian Entomologist, 4: Insecticide resistance in New Brunswick populations of the Colorado potato beetles Coleoptera: Canadian Entomologist, 5: Wood ash potential for Colorado potato beetle control.

American Journal of Potato Research, 89 2: Attraction of Colorado potato beetle to herbivore-damaged plants during herbivory and after its termination. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 23 4: Use of some aspects of the biology of the Colorado beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata for its control. Establishment of Endoreticulatus n. Pleistophoridae based on the ultrastructure of a microsporidium in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Journal of Protozoology, 35 4: Efficacy of granular systemic soil insecticides against the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.

Difesa delle Piante, 13 1: Natural enemies in straw-mulch reduce Colorado potato beetle populations and damage in potato. Biological Control, 4 2: Quarantine Pests for Europe. Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No. Residual toxicities and stomach poison effects of plant extracts to different stages of Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Tomato yield loss as a result of simulated Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Environmental Entomology, 12 6: Incidence of natural enemies of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae on a native host in Mexico.

Host plant affects response of Colorado potato beetle to a pyrethroid insecticide. The Colorado potato beetle: Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America, 33 3: Plant protection compounds registered for use in potato growing. Management of insect pests of broccoli, cowpeas, spinach, tomatoes, and peanuts with chemigation by insecticides in oils, and reduction of watermelon virus 2 by chemigated oil.

Journal of Economic Entomology, 77 5: On the natural enemies of the Colorado potato beetle. Science, USA, Cloutier C, Bauduin F, Biological control of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae in Quebec by augmentative releases of the two-spotted stinkbug Perillus bioculatus Hemiptera: Canadian Entomologist, 2: Field tests on the biological control of Colorado potato beetle using two exotic predators, Podisus maculiventris and P.

Informatore Fitopatologico, 46 Population structure of a predatory beetle: Insecticidal activity of avidin combined with genetically engineered and traditional host plant resistance against Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Journal of Economic Entomology, 99 2: Cotty S, Lashomb JH, Vegetative growth and yield response of eggplant to varying first generation Colorado potato beetle densities.

Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 90 4: Systematic Entomology, 7 3: Egg bursters in the Chrysomelidae, with a review of their occurrence in the Chrysomeloidea and Curculionoidea Coleoptera. Systematic Entomology, 13 4: The pupae of Chrysomeloidea. Jolivet P, Cox ML, eds. The Biology of Chrysomelidae.

Effect of defoliation on yield of potatoes. Journal of Economic Entomology, 73 1: Effects of hostplant age on phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Geographic diversity of the Colorado potato beetle and its infestation in Eurasia. Advances in potato pest management. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company, Control tests against potato beetles resistant to chlorinated insecticides with new insecticides and with mixtures of insecticides in the laboratory.

Anales del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agronomicas, Design and construction of a pneumatic-thermal machine for controlling Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Journal of Applied Sciences, 6 4: Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 1 1: Orientation of Colorado potato beetle to natural and synthetic blends of volatiles emitted by potato plants. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 2 3: Behavioural responses of larvae of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae , to host plant volatile blends attractive to adults. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 4 4: Journal of Experimental Biology, Control trials with Beauveria bassiana Bals.

Dirlbek J, Dirlbekova O, The method of controlled stress in Colorado potato beetle larvae during an application of preparations containing the spores of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Bals. Dirlbekova O, Dirlbek J, Research and use of mycoinsecticides of the Boverol type Rostlinna Vyroba, 33 A method of monitoring the biological effectiveness of control of the Colorado potato beetle due to experimental treatment with the mycoinsecticide Boverol.

Ochrana Rostlin, 28 2: Use of imidacloprid-treated row mixtures for Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Journal of Economic Entomology, 91 2: Investigations of interactions between different groups of insecticides in the control of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. Istrazivanje interakcije razlicitih skupina insekticida u suzbijanju krumpirove zlatice Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. Dobrincic R, Barcic JI, Investigation of classical combinations and new generations of insecticides for the control of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata say.

Istrazivanje klasicnih i novih generacija pripravaka u suzbijanju krumpirove zlatice Leptinotarsa decemlineata say, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae. Assessing augmentative releases of parasitoids using the 'recruitment method', with reference to Edovum puttleri, a parasitoid of the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Dripps JE, Smilowitz Z, Growth analysis of potato plants damaged by Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae at different plant growth stages.

Environmental Entomology, 18 5: Predation on the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae by Phalangium opilio Opiliones: Journal of Economic Entomology, 83 3: Biology of Oplomus dichrous Heteroptera: Pentatomidae and its potential to control Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Environmental Entomology, 16 3: Development and survival of Podisus maculiventris Say Hemiptera: Pentatomidae , a predator of the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Environmental Entomology, 13 5: Dubois D, Jossi W, Biological control of Colorado beetle with Bacillus thuringiensis.

Landwirtschaft Schweiz, 6 5: Lethal and sublethal effects of Iranian isolates of Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora on the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Potential use of mites as biological control agents of leaf feeding insects. Biological control of pests by mites. Notulp Entomologicp, 62 4: Simulating the effects of defoliation on growth and yield of potato.

Toxicity effects of some lichen species extracts against the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 23 2: European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. Fedorko A, Stanuszek S, Nematoda, Rhabditida, Diplogasteridae , a facultative parasite of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say and Melolontha melolontha L.

Technology for production, formulation and application of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana for insect control: Success and failure of Bt products: Colorado potato beetle - a case study. Emerging Technologies for Integrated Pest Management: Concepts, Research, and Implementation. Reproductive status and flight activity of the overwintered Colorado potato beetle. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 91 3: Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae temperature-dependent growth and feeding rates. Environmental Entomology, 14 3: Journal of Economic Entomology, 84 3: Crop loss assessment of the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae on potatoes in western Massachusetts.

Journal of Economic Entomology, 76 2: Application of insect pathogenic nematodes Neoaplectana carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis spp. Local dispersal of overwintered Colorado potato beetle Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera determined by mark and recapture. Environmental Entomology, 25 6: High-realism model of Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae adaptation to permethrin.

Environmental Entomology, 24 2: Chrysomelidae adaptation to insecticides. Environmental Entomology, 22 2: Observations on the natural mortality of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say in Canada. Franz J, Szmidt A, Observations concerning Perillus bioculatus Fabr. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 20 Occurrence of extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acids in spiroplasmas associated with plants, insects, and ticks.

History of Colorado potato beetle control. Lashomb JH, Casagrande R, eds.

The Colorado beetle in Latvia. The tachina fly Phorocera doryphorae , an interesting parasite on potato beetles. The Occurrence of Resistance to Pesticides in Arthropods. Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations. Ghassemi-Kahrizeh A, Aramideh S, Study on the synergistic effect of Henna in enhancement of pathogenecity of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on third and fourth instars larvae of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Col.: Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 47 Timing of the initial spray application of Bacillus thuringiensis for control of the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Biological Control, 3 4: A method of determining the abundance of the Colorado beetle in the field.

New records of predation of the ant Formica polyctena Forst. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 58 4: Resistance management strategies for transgenic potato plants. Advances in potato pest biology and management. The American Phytophathological Society, Economic impact of insecticide resistance in the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae on the Michigan potato industry.

Journal of Economic Entomology, 90 5: A review of biological control in western and southern Europe. CAB International, pp. Eulophidae , an egg parasite of the Colorado potato beetle Chrysomelidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 83 4: Chrysomelidae and its incidence in potatoes and surrounding crops.

Journal of Economic Entomology, 83 4: Control measures towards Colorado beetle eradication in Sweden. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 47 5: Potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say population dynamics. Behavioural response of Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata larvae to selected plant extracts. Pest Management Science, 62 Plant extract contact toxicities to various developmental stages of Colorado potato beetles Coleoptera: Annals of Applied Biology, 2: The potential use of entomopathogenic nematodes against tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta Lep: The ecology of spiroplasmas.

Distribution and biological control significance of Colorado potato beetle spiroplasmas in North America. Biological Control, 2 3: Spiroplasmas and other mollicutes: Symposium on biotechnology, biological pesticides and novel plant-pest resistance for insect pest management. Boyce Thompson Institute, Foliar applications of Beauveria bassiana Balsamo Vuillemin for control of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Canadian Entomologist, Effectiveness of transgenic eggplant Solanum melongena L.

Advances in Horticultural Science, 11 4: Development and usage of sequential sampling in an eggplant biological control intensive pest management program. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere. Arthropod - Plant Interactions, 1 1: Population dynamics of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say in eastern Ontario: Impact of defoliation by the Colorado potato beetle on potato yields.

Journal of Economic Entomology, 73 3: Seasonal variation in plant-insect associations: Suppression of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae , on solanaceous crops with a copper-based fungicide. Environmental Entomology, 13 4: Ecology and management of the Colorado potato beetle.

Annual Review of Entomology, Impact and management of late-season populations of the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae on potato in Connecticut. Journal of Economic Entomology, 81 3: Host-plant acceptance by geographic populations of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Role of solanaceous alkaloids as sensory deterrents. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 14 3: Mortality of eggs of Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae from predation by Coleomegilla maculata Coleoptera: Environmental Entomology, 20 3: Survey of insecticide resistance among North Carolina Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: A survey of arthropod predators of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say in Delaware potato fields.

Journal of Agricultural Entomology, 9 2: The use of semiochemical slow-release devices in integrated pest management strategies. Predation on Colorado potato beetle eggs by generalist predators in research and commercial potato plantings. Biological Control, 8 3: Impact of Bacillus thuringiensis - insecticides on population dynamics and egg predation of the Colorado potato beetle in North Carolina potato plantings. Hilbeck A, Kennedy GG, Predators feeding on the Colorado potato beetle in insecticide-free plots and insecticide-treated commercial potato fields in eastern North Carolina.

Biological Control, 6 2: Hilbert D, Kurth H, Similar trends of infestation by the winter moth Scotia Agrotis segetum Schiff. An analysis of infestation between and in selected areas of the GDR. Beitrage zur Entomologie, 37 2: Production of microsporidia pathogenic to the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata in alternate hosts. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 44 2: Hostounsky Z, Weiser J, Nosematidae, Microsporidia infecting Gastroidea polygoni and Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae.

Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 70 5: Microsporidia, Nosematidae infecting Polygramma undecimlineata Coleoptera: Vestnik Ceskoslovenske Spolecnosti Zoologicke, 39 2: Comparison of Perillus bioculatus and Podisus maculiventris Hemiptera: Pentatomidae as potential control agents of the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Journal of Economic Entomology, 89 5: Inundative release of predatory stink bugs for control of Colorado potato beetle. Colorado potato beetle resistance management strategies for transgenic potatoes.

American Journal of Potato Research, 76 4: Naturally occurring biological controls in genetically engineered crops. In Barbosa P, ed. Hoy CW, Head G, Correlation between behavioral and physiological responses to transgenic potatoes containing Bacillus thuringienesis d-endotoxin in Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Journal of Economic Entomology, 88 3: Ecophysiological adaptations among geographic populations of the Colorado potato beetle in North America.

Geographic variation and host plant adaptation of the Colorado potato beetle. Host specificity, seasonality and bionomics of Leptinotarsa beetles. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Effects of selected physical and chemical treatments of Colorado potato beetle eggs on host acceptance and development of the parasitic wasp, Edovum puttleri.

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 90 3: Collection of entomopathogenic fungal cultures: Overwintering densities and survival of the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae in and around tomato Solanaceae fields. Canadian Entomologist, 1: Potato trap crops for control of Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Canadian Entomologist, 3: Jacques RL Jr, The potato beetles of Florida Coleoptera: The genus Leptinotarsa in North America Coleoptera: Flora and Fauna Handbook No.

Parasitism of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae by Edovum puttleri Hymenoptera: Eulophidae in different cultivars of eggplant. Effects of food plant and diapause on adult survival and fecundity of Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Environmental Entomology, 18 2: Occasional Papers on Systematic Entomology. Folia Heyrovskyana, Supplementum 1.

Health Care Reform Update

Insecticide resistance status of Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Journal of Economic Entomology, 4: Investigating the potential of selected natural compounds to increase the potency of pyrethrum against houseflies Muscadomestica Diptera: Pest Management Science, 68 2: Development of a simple potato growth model for use in crop-pest management. Agricultural Systems, 19 3: The Chrysomeloidea Coleoptera of the Balearic Islands.

The Colorado beetle threatens Asia. Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Col. Experiences of the supervision of insecticides used against the Colorado potato beetle. Specific action of microbial preparations. Zashchita Rastenii Moskva , No. Control of potato beetles in organic farming. Preventing the establishment of Leptinotarsa decemlineata in Turkmenia. Monitoring resistance in Colorado potato beetle populations. Biotic potential of the Colorado potato beetle and the entomophagous bug Perillus sp. The toxicity of selected monoterpene hydrocarbons as single compounds and mixtures against different developmental stages of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Journal of Entomology, 8 5: Kim MS, Lan Q, Larvicidal activity of alpha-mangostin in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata.

Journal of Pesticide Science, 36 3: Focus of Colorado potato beetle liquidated. The invertebrate pests of annual food crops in Central America. A combined insecticide, Khlofo Toxicity of monoterpenes against larvae and adults of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Industrial Crops and Products, 26 3: Effectiveness of bacterial preparations. Novodor tests in Belarus. Testing the suitability of simlep decision support system for protection of potato against Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata [Say], Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae in Slovenia.

Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 93 1: Chemical substances sublethal insecticide doses treating viral reated disease in some insects. Predatory carabids as natural enemies of the Colorado potato beetle. Characteristics of overwintering of the Colorado beetle. Insecticidal and immunosuppressive effect of ascomycete Cordyceps militaris on the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Biology Bulletin, 41 3: Agricultural Sciences, 3 7: Potential of a synthetic aggregation pheromone for integrated pest management of Colorado potato beetle.

Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 8 1: What does the Colorado beetle feed on?. The effectiveness of combined treatments. Three years' model-aided forecasting of Colorado beetle infestation - how well do simulation and field observations tally? Nachrichtenblatt fur den Pflanzenschutz in der DDR, 41 1: Infestation of potatoes by the Colorado beetle in the GDR in a ten-year survey to Nachrichtenblatt fur den Pflanzenschutz in der DDR, 42 1: Behavioral ecology of Myiopharus doryphorae Riley and M.

Journal of Insect Behavior, 10 1: Temperature-dependent development rate of Myiopharus doryphorae Diptera: Tachinidae within its host, the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Environmental Entomology, 26 3: Pneumatic and thermal control of Colorado potato beetle. Canadian Agricultural Engineering, 41 1: Evaluation of a four-row prototype machine for pneumatic control of Colorado potato beetle.

Attraction of Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae to damaged and chemically induced potato plants. Environmental Entomology, 28 6: Practical applications of entomopathogenic muscardine fungi. Eulophidae , an egg parasitoid of Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Journal of Economic Entomology, 80 1: Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company.

Colonization by Colorado potato beetles, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae , in rotated and nonrotated potato fields. Description of spring emergence by the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae in New Jersey. Environmental Entomology, 13 3: Problems of controlling the Colorado beetle. The ground-beetles Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae of Canada and Alaska, part 6. Opuscula Entomologica Supplement, Development of early season Colorado potato beetle thresholds for processing tomato production.

Spiroplasmosis of the Colorado beetle. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, Progress in biological control of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera in Eastern Europe. Spiroplasmas-a neglected group of insect pathogens. Invasion of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, in China: Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 3: Journal of Economic Entomology, 2: Estimating and projecting Colorado potato beetle density and yield loss. Predicting Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say density and potato yield loss.

Environmental Entomology, 9 5: Collections of natural enemies of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae in Mexico, Susceptibility of Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata eggs to Beauveria bassiana. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 71 2: American Potato Journal, 74 5: Susceptibility of the Colorado potato beetle to preparations. Contact toxicities of oxygenated monoterpenes to different populations of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Journal of Plant Protection Research, 51 3: Density yield relationships and economic injury level model for the Colorado potato beetle larvae on potatoes.

Researches on Population Ecology, 33 1: Mailloux G, Bostanian NJ, Effect of manual defoliation on potato yield at maximum abundance of different stages of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say , in the field. Journal of Agricultural Entomology, 6 4: Density yield relationships for Colorado potato beetle adults on potatoes. Predation of Colorado potato beetle eggs by a polyphagous ladybeetle in the presence of alternate prey: Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 1: Laboratory and greenhouse evaluation of a synthetic host volatile attractant for Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.

Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 7 1: Synthetic host volatiles increase efficacy of trap cropping for management of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. Evaluation of a novel host plant volatile-based attracticide for management of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.

Crop Protection, 26 6: Keys to the insects of the European Part of U. Site-specific integrated pest management impact on development of esfenvalerate resistance in Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae and on densities of natural enemies. Journal of Economic Entomology, 90 4: The effect of soil-borne entomogenous fungi on the mycoses of the Colorado potato beetle during hibernation period. A plastic-lining trenching device for the control of Colorado potato beetle: American Potato Journal, 70 Mo JianChu, Cheng Jia'an, Advances on the study of pest resistance to chloronicotinyl insecticides.

Acta Phytophylacica Sinica, 30 1: An evaluation of companion planting and botanical extracts as alternative pest controls for the Colorado potato beetle. Resistance and cross-resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides and spinosad in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Pest Management Science, 62 1: A laboratory study of the effect of fentin acetate and copper oxychloride on the Colorado beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.

Citrus limonoid effects on Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae colonization and oviposition. Environmental Entomology, 24 5: Nakane T, Ohbayashi K, Prognosis of the survival of the Colorado beetle. Location and abundance of adult Colorado potato beetles Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae following potato harvest. Crop Protection, 16 6: Evaluation of Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae defoliation with concomitant European corn borer Lepidoptera: Pyralidae damage on potato yield.

Journal of Economic Entomology, 89 2: Limitations of using regression and mean separation analyses for describing the response of crop yield to defoliation: Journal of Economic Entomology, 91 1: Be one of the very few who will have a chance to see these masterworks outside of Italy. An Italian-style cocktail reception in the Pavilion will be held following the tour.

The Philadelphia Bar Association Academy provides Bar members with civic and cultural educational experiences that allow for enhanced business development opportunities. Academy programs provide a unique entry to the city's most vibrant institutions and leaders, offering behind-the-scenes access to these institutions in a manner designed to benefit all participants. Registrants may be contacted by the hosting organizations about future promotions. To send program suggestions, please email Tracey McCloskey at tmccloskey philabar. To order tickets, visit www. A free continental breakfast will be served from 8: The CLE training program will be in two sessions, both mandatory, from 9 a.

Volunteers will receive four free CLE credits and one ethics credit a total of five free CLE credits in exchange for representing one client to the completion of the foreclosure action.

Volunteer work must be completed within six months of the training program. The dinner will include a three-course meal of traditional Mexican cuisine and will be held in a private dinning room that is limited to 20 people. Each course will be paired with a cocktail and a guided tequila tasting will be offered. To purchase tickets, please call This program will offer 6 CLE credits, 1 of which may be applied toward ethics.

For more information or to register online visit pbi.

Ips: The Other Pine Bark Beetles | Mississippi State University Extension Service

Doors open at 6 p. Food and drink is included in ticket price: Pre-paid reservations are recommended. Buy tickets at www. Gotanda, the Philadelphia Bar Association is pleased to offer all current students of Villanova University School of Law the opportunity to register for fully-paid membership in the Philadelphia Bar Association. This is an annual membership that can be renewed each year and will be paid for by the law school while you are a student.

Note to 3L students: If you registered before graduation, your membership will be paid by the law school and will continue through December For questions, or to learn more about the advantages of Philadelphia Bar Association membership, call our Membership Department at Order Philadelphia County Court Rules Today Published by The Legal Intelligencer , Philadelphia County Court Rules provides the most current and comprehensive coverage of newly adopted, amended and rescinded rules in the county along with editor's notes and comments.

Rules are provided for Civil and Family, Criminal, Juvenile and Orphans' divisions, an index for each section, court officials and staff directory and forms for each section and a CD-ROM of writable forms. Recent Developments in Assessment Law in Pennsylvania Bert Goodman leads a knowledgeable panel in discussing the new developments that have occurred in county assessment law over the past year.

The panel will help you understand why Tech One is such an important case and what its current status is on appeal. Goodman and Randy L. Check-in begins at 8 a. For additional information, or to register click here. Registration begins 30 minutes before course start time. Mary Frances Berry, former chair of the U.

Commission on Civil Rights, will deliver the Judge A. Treasures from Uffizi Gallery Spend an evening in Florence for a private tour with of this unique exhibition from the Uffizi which makes its only East Coast stop at the James A. Health Care Reform Update The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act created a new fee on health plans to fund a Patient-Centered Outcome Research Trust Fund program, which was established to fund research of the clinical effectiveness of medical treatments, procedures and drugs. Click here to read the complete article. The JOBS Act is a measure intended to improve the access to private and public capital by startups and smaller businesses.

Panelists include Katayun I. White and Matthew T. Lunch and registration begin at 12 p. This is your ultimate guide to obtaining and using the best technology for your law practice. This seminar provides a wealth of legal technology tips, covering all areas of law office technology. The program begins at 9 a. Click here for more information and to register.

Support Us

Thanks to the generosity of Wilkie Lexus, our auction will feature a spot on the roster for the three-day Lexus Champions for Charity tournament in Pebble Beach, Calif. This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for any golf enthusiast. Too often, litigators and mediators get stuck using one approach in their mediations and negotiations. Using the tools from improvisational comedy, attendees will role-play two mediations and explore their creative side.

After each mock mediation, we'll have a group debriefing session to talk about what worked and what didn't. The speakers for the program are Shirish Gupta and Avish Parashar. Registration and lunch begin at 12 p. The program has been approved for 1. Come cheer on our favorite team as they take on the San Francisco Giants at 7: Registration includes a ticket behind home plate in sections , or and a pre-game party at the all new XFinity Live!

Thomas Bergstrom will be the guest speaker, where he will discuss the development of criminal law in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Black tie is suggested. Tables of 10 may be reserved. For more information, call or The event features a silent auction with items including hotel and travel, restaurant and dining, sports and entertainment, fashion, body, health and art. Guests will be treated to a wonderful brunch served buffet style. Music will be provided by local jazz musicians from the Clef Club.

Tickets can be purchased by clicking here. Culinary Contest to Benefit Philabundance The Legal Intelligencer has cooked up a delicious challenge for law firms this summer, and we'd like you to participate in a creative culinary contest and cookbook benefitting Philabundance. The tour begins at 6 p. Michener Art Museum, S.

Transportation is not included, but may be arranged if there is enough interest. Limit one guest per Association member. Click here for tickets. This year's convention will be held June at the Philadelphia Marriott Downtown. This two-day conference will feature special guests from the International Criminal Court, the U.

Department of State, U.

Essentials

The conference will celebrate the th anniversary of the signing of the U. Constitution and the 10th anniversary of the Rome Statute that established the International Criminal Court. Conference details and registration information will be available soon.

• Sueños de Cristal (Spanish Edition)
• Wuthering Frights (Dulcie ONeil Book 4)
• A Broken Promise
• How to Make Your Own Herbal Smoke Blends
• The Inn at Rose Harbor: A Rose Harbor Novel
• Daughters of the Sea #3: Lucy