B for Baby (Modern Plays)


Pesticides Research on the developmental impacts of direct residential pesticide exposure or indirect prenatal or occupational exposure on the skin or clothing of exposed caregivers is somewhat limited. Water pollution, sanitation and access Many families in the global South have limited access to clean water and sanitation facilities Bartlett, ; Bartlett et al.

Noise Numerous studies in high-income countries reveal that chronic noise exposure early in childhood interferes with reading acquisition Evans, Crowding The most consistent crowding metric with human consequences is people per room. Residential mobility Poverty, substandard housing, and slum dwellings without security of legal tenure often lead to excessive residential mobility. Housing type Research on housing type in more affluent countries has focused primarily on the potential developmental implications of high-rise housing. Schools and childcare Unfortunately, continual innovation in the design of schools and classrooms throughout the world is typically not based on evidence, instead reflecting current trends in architecture and design Lackney, School and classroom size There is a large body of research on school and classroom size.

Physical quality A surprisingly large number of school spaces for American children are in disrepair. Conclusions and future directions As can be seen upon reviewing the current state of the evidence on the physical environment and child development, very little work has documented the impacts of environmental conditions on the development of children growing up in the global South and other low-income countries.

Acknowledgments This research was supported in part by grants from the W. Evaluation of an early childhood preschool program in rural Bangladesh. Early Childhood Research Quarterly.

Pax; Clam; The B File; Pushing the Prince into Denmark; Macbeth False Memory; Honey Baby

Physical and psychosocial turmoil in the home and cognitive development. American Psychological Association; Environmental exposure to lead and mercury in Mexican children: A real health problem. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods. Current Directions in Psychological Science. Adolescent abuse in a community sample in Beni Suef, Egypt: Prevalence and risk factors. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration; Learning achievement of slum children in Delhi.

Interaction of lead with some essential trace metals in the blood of anemic children from Lucknow, India. Imprimerie Chabloz; Lausanne, Switzerland: Alterations in central nervous system serotonergic and dopaminergic synaptic activity in adulthood after prenatal or neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure. Family and personal characteristics of aggressive Nigerian boys: Differences from and similarities with western findings. Journal of Adolescent Health. The environmental quality of city streets: Journal of the American Institute of Planners.

Asadullah MN, Chaudhury N. Economics of Education Review. Affinity for risky behaviors following prenatal and early childhood exposure to tetrachloroethylene PCE -contaminated drinking water: Tales from truth town. Growing Up in an Urbanizing World. Behavioural development of school-aged children who live around a multi-metal sulphide mine in Guangdong province, China: Water, sanitation and urban children: The implications of climate change for children in lower-income countries.

The intersection of green school grounds and health-promoting schools. Traffic noise and executive functioning in urban primary school children: The moderating role of gender. Journal of Environmental Psychology. Urban road traffic noise and blood pressure and heart rate in preschool children. Housing renewal and mental health: Journal of Mental Health.

Allostasis and allostatic load in the context of poverty in early childhood. The class size debate: Boivin MJ, Giordani B. Neuropsychological assessment of African children: Progress in Brain Research. Child development in developing countries: Hair Manganese and Hyperactive Behaviors: The moderating role of the home environment. The relation of the home environment, cognitive competence, and IQ among males and females. Caring for children around the world: A view from HOME. International Journal of Behavioral Development. Housing quality and access to material and learning resources within the home environment in developing countries.

Linking maternal efficacy beliefs, developmental goals, parenting practices, and child competence in rural single-parent African American families. The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and by design. Harvard University Press; Bronfenbrenner U, Evans GW. Developmental science in the 21 st century: Emerging theoretical models, research designs, and empirical findings.

Bronfenbrenner U, Morris PA. The ecology of developmental processes.

Damon W, Lerner RM, editors. Handbook of child psychology: Theoretical models of human development. The effects of school facility quality on teacher retention in urban school districts. Childhood residential stability and health at midlife. American Journal of Public Health. Exposure to severe urban air pollution influences cognitive outcomes, brain volume and systemic inflammation in clinically healthy children.

Air pollution, cognitive deficits and brain abnormalities: The Mexico City scenario. New England Journal of Medicine. Evidence from 34 low-and middle-income countries. Child Abuse and Neglect. Effects of early childhood lead exposure on academic performance and behaviour of school age children.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Children, Youth and Environments. Reviews on Environmental Health. Cities for human development. Community Adventure Play Experiences. Neurodevelopmental effects of postnatal lead exposure at very low levels. The image and experience of high rise housing in Israel. American Journal of Epidemiology.

The built environment and collective efficacy. Behavior, health, and environmental stress. Faecal contamination of drinking water in a Brazilian shanty town: Journal of water and health. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health.

Our neighborhood is like that! Zinc protoporphyrin levels, blood lead levels and neurocognitive deficits in Andean children with chronic lead exposure. Dose-response analysis of infants prenatally exposed to methyl mercury: Analysis of data on delayed development from the —72 outbreak of methylmercury poisoning in Iraq: Factors predicting injury risk among preschoolers. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. Background and classroom correlates of child achievement, cognitive, and behavioural outcomes in rural Kenyan schoolchildren.

Dawes A, Donald D. Developmental theory and effective interventions in community contexts. Vulnerability as a function of individual and group resources in cumulative risk assessment. Impact of prenatal methylmercury exposure on neurobehavioral function at age 14 years. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

Impact of eviction on children.

Levy Plays: 1

Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute; Acoustical barriers in classrooms: The impact of noise on performance in the classroom. British Educational Research Journal. Child labour, education and health: A review of the literature. The home and the school. Sociodemographic, parenting, interactional, and child correlates. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. Economic deprivation and early-childhood development. The long-term impact of parental organization and efficiency. Kalil A, de Liere T, editors. Family Investments in Children: Resources and Behaviors that Promote Success.

School building condition, school attendance, and academic achievement in New York City public schools: Age related effects of pesticide exposure on neurobehavioral performance of adolescent farm workers in Brazil. Class size and student achievement. Psychological Science in the Public Interest. Strategies to avoid the loss of developmental potential in more than million children in the developing world. Indoor air quality and student performance. In utero exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane DDT and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene DDE and neurodevelopment among young Mexican American children.

The environment of childhood poverty. Child development and the physical environment. Annual Review of Psychology. The environment of poverty: Multiple stressor exposure, psychophysiological stress, and socioemotional adjustment. Noise and performance in children and adults. Luzon LM, Prasher D, editors. Noise and its effects. Family income and childhood obesity in eight European cities: The mediating roles of neighborhood characteristics and physical activity. Social Science and Medicine.

Childhood poverty, chronic stress, self-regulation and coping. Cross-cultural differences in tolerance for crowding: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Community noise exposure and stress in children. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. Cumulative risk and child development. Psychological Bulletin in press. Environmental justice, cumulative environmental risk, and health among low-and middle-income children in upstate New York.

Parental language and verbal responsiveness to children in crowded homes. Evans GW, Stecker R. Motivational consequences of environmental stress. Housing and mental health: Journal of Social Issues. The role of the environment in SES and obesity. The role of society and brain on individual behavior. The ecological context of student achievement: School building quality effects are exacerbated by high levels of student mobility. The Yugoslavia Prospective Study of environmental lead exposure. Concise international chemical assessment document Ferguson KT.

Infant development in the context of Malawian infant homes. The Sciences and Engineering. An ecological model of urban child health. Urban Health and Society: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Research and Practice. Ferguson KT, Lee M. Boivin M, Giordani B, editors. Neuropsychology of Children in Africa: Risk and Resilience Within a Co-constructivist Paradigm.

Family routines and rituals. Yale University Press; Household crowding and family relations in Bangkok. PON1 status of farmworker mothers and children as a predictor of organophosphate sensitivity. Maternal violence, victimization, and child physical punishment in Peru. Urban built environment and depression: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. Contributions of societal modernity to cognitive development: A comparison of four cultures. The negative impact of living environment on intelligence quotient of primary school children in Baghdad City, Iraq: Journal of Housing and the Built Environment.

A Review of the Literature from to National Bureau of Economic Research; A comparative study of black South African children from three different contexts. Journal of Public Economics. Housing conditions, sanitation status and associated health risks in selected subsidized low-cost housing settlements in Cape Town, South Africa. Pesticide exposure and stunting as independent predictors of neurobehavioral deficits in Ecuadorian school children.

Nutrition, Health, and Child Development. School feeding studies in Jamaica; pp. Developmental potential in the first 5 years for children in developing countries. Caring Spaces, Learning Spaces. Association of early childhood diarrhea and cryptosporidiosis with impaired physical fitness and cognitive function four-seven years later in a poor urban community in northeast Brazil. An anthropological approach to the evaluation of preschool children exposed to pesticides in Mexico.

The West London Schools Study: Chronic aircraft noise exposure, stress responses, mental health and cognitive performance in school children. Pre-and postnatal arsenic exposure and child development at 18 months of age: International Journal of Epidemiology. Neurobehavioral deficits and increased blood pressure in school-age children prenatally exposed to pesticides.

Environmental problems in an urbanizing world. Teachers College Press; Social and psychological implications of high population density. Environmental heavy metals and mental disorders of children in developing countries; pp.

  1. About Author/Editor(s)/ Contributor(s).
  2. About B for Baby?
  3. Introduction!
  4. Programmes.
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  6. The physical environment and child development: An international review.
  7. B for Baby (Modern Plays) Carmel Winters: Methuen Drama.

Adventure education and outward bound. Review of Educational Research. Early Child Development and Care. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. Child and Youth Care Forum. Locus of control and learned helplessness. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Homel R, Burns A. Environmental quality and the well-being of children. Fetal lead exposure at each stage of pregnancy as a predictor of infant mental development. Children and their living surroundings: Empirical investigations into the significance of living surroundings for the everyday life and development of children.

Hyde KA, Kabiru M. Early childhood development as an important strategy to improve learning outcomes. Classroom experiments on the effects of different noise sources and sound levels on long term recall and recognition in children. Significance of home environments as proxy indicators for early childhood care and education. A longitudinal cross-lagged twin study. Nonenzymatic functions of acetylcholinesterase splice variants in the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates: Residential mobility in childhood and health outcomes: Prenatal and childhood exposure to pesticides and neurobehavioral development: Review of epidemiological studies.

The relation between the ratio of children per activity area and off-task behavior and type of play in day care centers. Kaplan R, Kaplan S. The Experience of Nature. Effect of aircraft noise on the population near airports. A systematic review on status of lead pollution and toxicity in Iran; Guidance for preventive measures. The influence of traffic noise in the health and performance of secondary school students in a large city. Physical and mental development of children with prenatal exposure to mercury from fish: Interviews and psychological tests at age.

Effects of classroom acoustics on performance and well being in elementary school children: Environmental toxins and developmental disabilities. Deficits in cognitive function and achievement in Mexican first-graders with low blood lead concentrations. Ecological arrangements in the classroom.

Helplessness, stress level, and the coronary-prone behavior pattern. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. Children in a South African squatter camp gain and lose a voice. Kruger JS, Chawla L. Kujala T, Brattico E. Health and behavior of children in classrooms with and without windows. Effects of pesticide exposure on developmental task performance in Indian children. Sage Family Studies Abstracts. New approaches for school design. The Sage handbook of educational administration.

About Levy Plays: 1

Those individuals with an initially larger caudate nucleus and putamen, two basal ganglia nuclei involved in the control of movement, reinforcement learning and reward, were most likely to learn efficiently. In fact, ideally relevant individuals and communities should be involved in every stage outlined above. Male 2 , Female 2 , Neutral 0. Playing games, especially in a virtual reality environment, also appears to increase pain tolerance in both controls and patients As content clearly matters, the results from such reports are inherently noisy and thus provide unreliable data. These effects were large; a 1-SD increase in first-trimester maternal plasma lead level was associated with a 3.

A cohort study of behavioral problems and intelligence in children with high prenatal polychlorinated biphenyl exposure. Archives of General Psychiatry. An International Pooled Analysis. Associations between chronic community noise exposure and blood pressure at rest and during acute noise and non-noise stressors among urban school children in India. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. The neighborhoods they live in: The effects of neighborhood residence on child and adolescent outcomes. Housing and child development. Children and Youth Services Review. Housing, family function, and health in Beijing.

Perception and evaluation of urban environment quality. Biocultural orchestration of developmental plasticity across levels: The interplay of biology and culture in shaping the mind and behavior across the life span. Activity and social behavior in a South African township nursery: Some effects of crowding. Liddell C, Kruger P. Activity and social behavior in a crowded South African township nursery: A follow-up study on the effects of crowding at home.

Determinants of mental and motor development at 12 months in a low income population: Cross-modal distraction by background speech: What role for meaning. The Journal of Ambulatory Care Management. University of Tennessee; Parent perceptions of residential crowding and child behaviors in a post-migration Burundian refugee community. Neurologic findings in children. Socioeconomic status disadvantage and child development.

Epigenetics and the biological definition of gene X environment interactions. Assessing housing quality in metropolitan Lima, Peru. Global approach to reducing lead exposure and poisoning. The importance of play in promoting healthy child development and maintaining strong parent-child bond: Focus on children in poverty. Assessment of organochlorine pesticides in human milk and risk exposure to infants from North-East India. Science of the Total Environment.

Some social implications of high density housing. Evaluating an improved quality preschool program in rural Bangladesh. International Journal of Educational Development. Blood lead levels in Egyptian children from high and low lead-polluted areas: Child labor in Ghana cocoa production: Exposure to open-fire cooking and cognitive performance in children. International Journal of Environmental Health Research. Postnatal exposure to methyl mercury from fish consumption: Toward Definition of an Investment Strategy.

Deficits in psychologic and classroom performance of children with elevated dentine lead levels. The long-term effects of exposure to low doses of lead in childhood. PCBs and cognitive functioning of Mohawk adolescents. Analysis of PCB congeners related to cognitive functioning in adolescents. Crime prevention through urban design. Reading and writing zbility in relation to home environment: A study in primary education in rural Tanzania. Early childhood diarrhea is associated with diminished cognitive function 4 to 7 years later in children in a northeast Brazilian Shantytown.

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Human development in cultural context: A third world perspective. Cultures of human development and education: Challenge to growing up African. Nova Science Publishers, Inc; Nsamenang AB, Dawes A. Developmental psychology as political psychology in sub-Saharan Africa: The challenge of Africanisation. Effects of high rise living on physical and mental development of children. Journal of Human Ergology. The psychology of residential mobility: Implications for self, social relationships, and well being. Perspectives on Psychological Science.

Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa. Association of umbilical cord blood lead with neonatal behavior at varying levels of exposure. Behavioral and Brain Functions. The effects of road traffic noise on blood pressure of children aged 7—11 in Belgrade. Does the home environment influence inequalities in unintentional injury in early childhood? Prenatal airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and child IQ at age 5 years. Effect of prenatal exposure to airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on neurodevelopment in the first 3 years of life among inner-city children. Diet during lactation associated with infant behavior and caregiver-infant interaction in a semirural Egyptian village.

Impact of prenatal chlorpyrifos exposure on neurodevelopment in the first 3 years of life among inner-city children. Developmental effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and material hardship among inner-city children. Effects of urban noise pollution on blood pressure and heart rate in school children. Breastfeeding, exposure to organochlorine compounds, and neurodevelopment in infants. Polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs and neurological development in children: In utero exposure to background concentrations of DDT and cognitive functioning among preschoolers. Factors influencing educational quality and effectiveness in developing countries: A review of research.

Environmental pesticide exposure and neurobehavioral effects among children of Nicaraguan agricultural workers. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis; p. Neurobehavioral performance in preschool children from agricultural and non-agricultural communities in Oregon and North Carolina. Arsenic exposure and cognitive performance in Mexican schoolchildren. Long-term neurobehavioral health effects of methyl parathion exposure in children in Mississippi and Ohio.

Child neurodevelopment in a Bolivian mining city. Residential density and low income children. Handbook of psychology and health. Creating Environments for Young Children. The moderating effect of home language. Exploring familial processes in urban, low-income African American families. Journal of Family Issues. Shamama-tus-Sabah S, Gillani N.

Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research. Relation of home chaos to cognitive performance and behavioral adjustment of Pakistani primary school children. Low-level prenatal lead exposure and neurobehavioral development of children in the first year of life: A prospective study in Shanghai. The effects of environmental and classroom noise on the academic performance of primary school children. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. Consequences of growing up poor New York: Russell Sage Foundation; Associations between cognitive function, blood lead concentration, and nutrition among children in the central Philippines.

Friendship networks of mobile adolescents. Residential mobility and the onset of adolescent sexual activity. Journal of Marriage and Family. A longitudinal analysis of prenatal exposure to methylmercury and fatty acids in the Seychelles. Child battering in Nairobi, Kenya. East African Medical Journal. Capturing quality in early childhood through environmental rating scales. Experiments with organic mercury, particularly with methyl mercury compounds: Physical environment and crime.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization. The effects of chronic arsenic exposure from drinking water on the neurobehavioral development in adolescence. Education for All Global Monitoring Report Water, sanitation and hygiene. United Nations Statistics Division. The Compendium of Housing Statistics The benefits of early child development programs: Neurobehavioral effects of exposure to traffic-related air pollution and transportation noise in primary schoolchildren.

Lead levels and cognitive abilities in Peruvian children. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria. Social factors associated with child abuse and neglect in Guadalajara, Mexico. Wachs TD, Corapci F. Environmental chaos, development and parenting across cultures.

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Raeff C, Benson J, editors. Early experience and human development. Relation of rearing environment to adaptive behavior of Egyptian toddlers. Infant Behavior and Development. D wants a snow globe and 'a big head of dirty auld curls'. All of them want their own place in the world.

And if they can't find it, they'll create one of their own. The play follows B and D in the care home where they are residents, and where Mrs C is a carer, on their special - 'very fecking special' - journey towards happiness. B for Baby is a tender, sharp-witted new play set in a residential care home for people with severe learning disabilities. Treating this taboo subject with humanity and humour, the piece's acuity and generously compassionate portraits result in a moving, if at times uncomfortable, drama. Poignantly exploring forbidden topics, B for Baby invites the reader or audience to rediscover the power and joy of make-believe.

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